用桥接模式实现银行账户管理

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首先，让我们来了解一下桥接模式。桥接模式是一种结构型设计模式，它将抽象部分与实现部分分离，使它们可以独立地变化。

在银行账户管理中，我们可以将抽象部分定义为账户类型，实现部分定义为账户操作。具体来说，我们可以定义一个抽象类 `Account`，其中包含了账户的基本属性和方法，如账户名、账户余额、存款、取款等。然后，我们可以定义不同的账户类型，如储蓄账户、信用卡账户等，它们继承自 `Account` 类，并实现自己特有的方法和属性。

接下来，我们需要定义实现部分。我们可以定义一个接口 `AccountOperation`，其中包含了账户操作的方法，如存款、取款等。然后，我们可以实现这个接口，定义不同的账户操作类，如 `SavingAccountOperation`、`CreditCardAccountOperation` 等。这些类实现了 `AccountOperation` 接口，并具有自己特有的实现方式。

最后，我们需要将抽象部分和实现部分桥接起来。我们可以定义一个类 `AccountBridge`，其中包含了一个 `Account` 对象和一个 `AccountOperation` 对象。这个类可以实现 `Account` 中的方法，然后调用 `AccountOperation` 中的具体实现。这样，我们就可以通过 `AccountBridge` 来管理不同类型的账户，同时实现不同的账户操作。

下面是一个简单的示例代码：

// 抽象类 Account
public abstract class Account {
    protected String accountName;
    protected double balance;

    public Account(String accountName, double balance) {
        this.accountName = accountName;
        this.balance = balance;
    }

    public abstract void deposit(double amount);
    public abstract void withdraw(double amount);
}

// 储蓄账户类 SavingAccount
public class SavingAccount extends Account {
    public SavingAccount(String accountName, double balance) {
        super(accountName, balance);
    }

    @Override
    public void deposit(double amount) {
        balance += amount;
        System.out.println("Deposit " + amount + " to saving account " + accountName);
    }

    @Override
    public void withdraw(double amount) {
        if (balance >= amount) {
            balance -= amount;
            System.out.println("Withdraw " + amount + " from saving account " + accountName);
        } else {
            System.out.println("Insufficient balance in saving account " + accountName);
        }
    }
}

// 信用卡账户类 CreditCardAccount
public class CreditCardAccount extends Account {
    public CreditCardAccount(String accountName, double balance) {
        super(accountName, balance);
    }

    @Override
    public void deposit(double amount) {
        balance += amount;
        System.out.println("Deposit " + amount + " to credit card account " + accountName);
    }

    @Override
    public void withdraw(double amount) {
        double limit = balance * 0.9; // 信用卡账户只能取 90% 的余额
        if (limit >= amount) {
            balance -= amount;
            System.out.println("Withdraw " + amount + " from credit card account " + accountName);
        } else {
            System.out.println("Exceeded limit in credit card account " + accountName);
        }
    }
}

// 接口 AccountOperation
public interface AccountOperation {
    void deposit(double amount);
    void withdraw(double amount);
}

// 储蓄账户操作类 SavingAccountOperation
public class SavingAccountOperation implements AccountOperation {
    private SavingAccount account;

    public SavingAccountOperation(SavingAccount account) {
        this.account = account;
    }

    @Override
    public void deposit(double amount) {
        account.deposit(amount);
    }

    @Override
    public void withdraw(double amount) {
        account.withdraw(amount);
    }
}

// 信用卡账户操作类 CreditCardAccountOperation
public class CreditCardAccountOperation implements AccountOperation {
    private CreditCardAccount account;

    public CreditCardAccountOperation(CreditCardAccount account) {
        this.account = account;
    }

    @Override
    public void deposit(double amount) {
        account.deposit(amount);
    }

    @Override
    public void withdraw(double amount) {
        account.withdraw(amount);
    }
}

// 类 AccountBridge
public class AccountBridge {
    private Account account;
    private AccountOperation operation;

    public AccountBridge(Account account, AccountOperation operation) {
        this.account = account;
        this.operation = operation;
    }

    public void deposit(double amount) {
        operation.deposit(amount);
    }

    public void withdraw(double amount) {
        operation.withdraw(amount);
    }
}

// 测试代码
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SavingAccount savingAccount = new SavingAccount("John", 10000);
        SavingAccountOperation savingAccountOperation = new SavingAccountOperation(savingAccount);
        AccountBridge savingAccountBridge = new AccountBridge(savingAccount, savingAccountOperation);

        CreditCardAccount creditCardAccount = new CreditCardAccount("Mary", 20000);
        CreditCardAccountOperation creditCardAccountOperation = new CreditCardAccountOperation(creditCardAccount);
        AccountBridge creditCardAccountBridge = new AccountBridge(creditCardAccount, creditCardAccountOperation);

        savingAccountBridge.deposit(5000);
        savingAccountBridge.withdraw(2000);

        creditCardAccountBridge.deposit(10000);
        creditCardAccountBridge.withdraw(25000);
    }
}

这个示例代码使用了桥接模式来实现银行账户管理。其中，`Account` 类是抽象部分，`SavingAccount` 和 `CreditCardAccount` 类是具体的账户类型。`AccountOperation` 接口是实现部分，`SavingAccountOperation` 和 `CreditCardAccountOperation` 类是具体的账户操作。`AccountBridge` 类将抽象部分和实现部分桥接起来。通过 `AccountBridge` 类，我们可以管理不同类型的账户，同时进行不同的账户操作。