使用Java提供的handler机制在客户端对SOAP请求包注入header。在实验一springboot框架下的CXF建立的web服务的基础上，对客户端产生的SOAP请求包加入header，header有一个子元素student，命名空间为你自己项目使用的命名空间；student有三个子元素sno和sname、time，即学号，姓名和当前系统时间。参考如下形式： <SOAP-ENV:Header> <student xmlns="http://hello.soapHandlerEx/"> <sno>001</sno> <sname>你的名字</sname> <time>2023/5/10</time> </student> </SOAP-ENV:Header> 输出方式可以采用命令行或文本记录。 2、在服务端对SOAP请求包进行解析，获得头部，并展示出头部的信息，展示方式可以自行设计。

1. 在客户端对SOAP请求包注入header

可以使用Java提供的SOAPHandler机制，在客户端请求WebService时，在SOAP消息头中添加指定的Header。

首先定义一个SOAPHandler实现类：

package com.example.demo.handler;

import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPElement;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPEnvelope;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPHeader;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPMessage;
import javax.xml.ws.handler.MessageContext;
import javax.xml.ws.handler.soap.SOAPHandler;
import javax.xml.ws.handler.soap.SOAPMessageContext;

public class MySOAPHandler implements SOAPHandler<SOAPMessageContext> {

    private static final String NAMESPACE_URI = "http://hello.soapHandlerEx/";

    @Override
    public boolean handleMessage(SOAPMessageContext context) {
        Boolean isOutbound = (Boolean) context.get(MessageContext.MESSAGE_OUTBOUND_PROPERTY);
        if (isOutbound) {
            try {
                SOAPMessage soapMessage = context.getMessage();
                SOAPEnvelope envelope = soapMessage.getSOAPPart().getEnvelope();
                SOAPHeader header = envelope.getHeader();
                if (header == null) {
                    header = envelope.addHeader();
                }

                SOAPElement studentElement = header.addChildElement(new QName(NAMESPACE_URI, "student"));
                SOAPElement snoElement = studentElement.addChildElement("sno");
                snoElement.setTextContent("001");
                SOAPElement snameElement = studentElement.addChildElement("sname");
                snameElement.setTextContent("你的名字");
                SOAPElement timeElement = studentElement.addChildElement("time");
                LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now();
                DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy/MM/dd");
                timeElement.setTextContent(now.format(formatter));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean handleFault(SOAPMessageContext context) {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void close(MessageContext context) {
    }

    @Override
    public Set<QName> getHeaders() {
        return null;
    }

}

然后在客户端代码中添加Handler：

JaxWsProxyFactoryBean factory = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();
factory.setServiceClass(HelloWorld.class);
factory.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/helloWorld");
factory.getHandlers().add(new MySOAPHandler());
HelloWorld helloWorld = (HelloWorld) factory.create();
String result = helloWorld.sayHello("World");
System.out.println(result);

这样，在请求WebService时，就会在SOAP消息头中添加指定的Header。

2. 在服务端对SOAP请求包进行解析

可以使用Java提供的SOAPHandler机制，在服务端接收到WebService请求时，从SOAP消息头中解析指定的Header。

首先定义一个SOAPHandler实现类：

package com.example.demo.handler;

import java.util.Set;

import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPElement;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPEnvelope;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPHeader;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPMessage;
import javax.xml.ws.handler.MessageContext;
import javax.xml.ws.handler.soap.SOAPHandler;
import javax.xml.ws.handler.soap.SOAPMessageContext;

public class MySOAPHandler implements SOAPHandler<SOAPMessageContext> {

    private static final String NAMESPACE_URI = "http://hello.soapHandlerEx/";

    @Override
    public boolean handleMessage(SOAPMessageContext context) {
        Boolean isOutbound = (Boolean) context.get(MessageContext.MESSAGE_OUTBOUND_PROPERTY);
        if (!isOutbound) {
            try {
                SOAPMessage soapMessage = context.getMessage();
                SOAPEnvelope envelope = soapMessage.getSOAPPart().getEnvelope();
                SOAPHeader header = envelope.getHeader();
                if (header != null) {
                    SOAPElement studentElement = (SOAPElement) header.getElementsByTagNameNS(NAMESPACE_URI, "student").item(0);
                    if (studentElement != null) {
                        SOAPElement snoElement = (SOAPElement) studentElement.getElementsByTagName("sno").item(0);
                        String sno = snoElement.getTextContent();
                        SOAPElement snameElement = (SOAPElement) studentElement.getElementsByTagName("sname").item(0);
                        String sname = snameElement.getTextContent();
                        SOAPElement timeElement = (SOAPElement) studentElement.getElementsByTagName("time").item(0);
                        String time = timeElement.getTextContent();
                        System.out.println("SOAP Header: sno=" + sno + ", sname=" + sname + ", time=" + time);
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean handleFault(SOAPMessageContext context) {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void close(MessageContext context) {
    }

    @Override
    public Set<QName> getHeaders() {
        return null;
    }

}

然后在服务端代码中添加Handler：

@Bean
public Endpoint endpoint() {
    EndpointImpl endpoint = new EndpointImpl(bus, new HelloWorldImpl());
    endpoint.publish("/helloWorld");
    endpoint.getBinding().getHandlerChain().add(new MySOAPHandler());
    return endpoint;
}

这样，在接收到WebService请求时，就可以从SOAP消息头中解析指定的Header，并展示出来。