python身份证校验

可以使用Python编写代码验证身份证号码的合法性。以下是Python代码示例：

import re

def is_valid_ID_number(id_number):
    if not re.match(r'^\d{17}[\dX]$', id_number):
        return False

    # 验证省份代码
    province_code = id_number[:2]
    if province_code not in {'11', '12', ..., '82', '21', '22', ..., '65'}:
        return False

    # 验证出生日期
    year = int(id_number[6:10])
    month = int(id_number[10:12])
    day = int(id_number[12:14])
    try:
        birth_date = datetime.date(year, month, day)
    except ValueError:
        return False

    # 验证最后一位校验码
    factors = list(range(2, 19))[::-1]  # 从高位到低位依次乘以权数
    check_digit = id_number[-1]
    if check_digit == 'X':
        check_digit = 10
    else:
        check_digit = int(check_digit)
    weighted_sum = sum(int(digit) * factor for digit, factor in zip(id_number[:-1], factors))
    remainder = weighted_sum % 11
    expected_check_digit = (12 - remainder) % 11
    if check_digit != expected_check_digit:
        return False

    return True

# 示例用法
id_number = '340523199001018491'
if is_valid_ID_number(id_number):
    print(f'{id_number} 是一个合法的身份证号码')
else:
    print(f'{id_number} 不是一个合法的身份证号码')

注意，本文仅提供了一个Python的示例代码，不对该程序的正确性和可靠性做任何保证。在实际应用中，请结合业务需求和实际情况进行测试与修改。