keras中adam源码

以下是Keras中Adam优化器的源代码实现：

class Adam(Optimizer):
    """
    Adam optimizer.

    Default parameters follow those provided in the original paper.

    # Arguments
        lr: float >= 0. Learning rate.
        beta_1: float, 0 < beta < 1. Generally close to 1.
        beta_2: float, 0 < beta < 1. Generally close to 1.
        epsilon: float >= 0. Fuzz factor. If `None`, defaults to `K.epsilon()`.
        decay: float >= 0. Learning rate decay over each update.

    # References
        - [Adam - A Method for Stochastic Optimization](https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.6980v8)
    """

    def __init__(self, lr=0.001, beta_1=0.9, beta_2=0.999,
                 epsilon=None, decay=0., **kwargs):
        super(Adam, self).__init__(**kwargs)
        with K.name_scope(self.__class__.__name__):
            self.iterations = K.variable(0, dtype='int64', name='iterations')
            self.lr = K.variable(lr, name='lr')
            self.beta_1 = K.variable(beta_1, name='beta_1')
            self.beta_2 = K.variable(beta_2, name='beta_2')
            if epsilon is None:
                epsilon = K.epsilon()
            self.epsilon = epsilon
            self.initial_decay = decay

    def get_updates(self, loss, params):
        grads = self.get_gradients(loss, params)
        self.updates = [K.update_add(self.iterations, 1)]
        lr = self.lr
        if self.initial_decay > 0:
            lr *= (1. / (1. + self.decay * K.cast(self.iterations,
                                                  K.dtype(self.decay))))

        t = K.cast(self.iterations, K.floatx()) + 1
        lr_t = lr * (K.sqrt(1. - K.pow(self.beta_2, t)) /
                     (1. - K.pow(self.beta_1, t)))

        # zero init of 1st moment
        ms = [K.zeros(K.int_shape(p), dtype=K.dtype(p)) for p in params]
        # zero init of exponentially weighted infinity norm
        vs = [K.zeros(K.int_shape(p), dtype=K.dtype(p)) for p in params]

        self.weights = [self.iterations] + ms + vs

        for p, g, m, v in zip(params, grads, ms, vs):

            # apply gradient
            m_t = (self.beta_1 * m) + (1. - self.beta_1) * g
            v_t = (self.beta_2 * v) + (1. - self.beta_2) * K.square(g)
            p_t = p - lr_t * m_t / (K.sqrt(v_t) + self.epsilon)

            self.updates.append(K.update(m, m_t))
            self.updates.append(K.update(v, v_t))

            # apply constraints
            if getattr(p, 'constraint', None) is not None:
                p_t = p.constraint(p_t)

            self.updates.append(K.update(p, p_t))
        return self.updates

    def get_config(self):
        config = {'lr': float(K.get_value(self.lr)),
                  'beta_1': float(K.get_value(self.beta_1)),
                  'beta_2': float(K.get_value(self.beta_2)),
                  'epsilon': self.epsilon,
                  'decay': self.initial_decay}
        base_config = super(Adam, self).get_config()
        return dict(list(base_config.items()) + list(config.items()))