java解析osm.pbf文件，实现地理编码代码

要实现地理编码，需要先解析OSM PBF文件并将其转换为可供查询的地图数据。以下是使用Java解析OSM PBF文件的代码示例：

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.HashMap;
import crosby.binary.osmosis.OsmosisReader;
import crosby.binary.osmosis.OsmosisSerializer;
import crosby.binary.file.BlockOutputStream;
import org.openstreetmap.osmosis.core.container.v0_6.NodeContainer;
import org.openstreetmap.osmosis.core.container.v0_6.WayContainer;
import org.openstreetmap.osmosis.core.domain.v0_6.Node;
import org.openstreetmap.osmosis.core.domain.v0_6.Way;
import org.openstreetmap.osmosis.core.domain.v0_6.Tag;
import org.openstreetmap.osmosis.core.task.v0_6.Sink;

public class OsmParser {
    
    private Map<Long, Node> nodes;
    private List<Way> ways;

    public void parse(String filename) throws IOException {
        nodes = new HashMap<Long, Node>();
        ways = new ArrayList<Way>();

        OsmosisReader reader = new OsmosisReader(new FileInputStream(filename));
        reader.setSink(new OsmosisSink());
        reader.run();
    }

    private class OsmosisSink implements Sink {
        public void process(NodeContainer nodeContainer) {
            Node node = nodeContainer.getEntity();
            nodes.put(node.getId(), node);
        }

        public void process(WayContainer wayContainer) {
            Way way = wayContainer.getEntity();
            ways.add(way);
        }

        public void complete() {}
        public void release() {}
    }

    // Example usage
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        OsmParser parser = new OsmParser();
        parser.parse("map.osm.pbf");
    }
}

上面的代码将OSM PBF文件解析为一组节点和道路。节点表示地图上的点，道路表示连接节点的路径。这个示例只是一个简单的解析器，可能需要根据实际情况进行修改。

一旦您有了地图数据，您可以使用GeoTools或其他GIS库来进行地理编码。一个简单的示例是使用GeoTools的Geocoder类：

import org.geotools.data.DataStore;
import org.geotools.data.DataStoreFinder;
import org.geotools.data.simple.SimpleFeatureSource;
import org.geotools.feature.FeatureCollection;
import org.geotools.feature.FeatureIterator;
import org.geotools.geometry.jts.JTSFactoryFinder;
import org.geotools.referencing.CRS;
import org.geotools.referencing.GeodeticCalculator;
import org.opengis.feature.simple.SimpleFeature;
import org.opengis.feature.simple.SimpleFeatureType;
import org.opengis.referencing.FactoryException;
import org.opengis.referencing.crs.CoordinateReferenceSystem;
import org.opengis.referencing.operation.MathTransform;
import com.vividsolutions.jts.geom.Coordinate;
import com.vividsolutions.jts.geom.Geometry;
import com.vividsolutions.jts.geom.Point;

public class Geocoder {
    
    private SimpleFeatureSource featureSource;
    private MathTransform transform;
    private GeodeticCalculator calculator;

    public Geocoder(String shapefile) throws IOException, FactoryException {
        // Load shapefile into data store
        Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        params.put("url", new File(shapefile).toURI().toURL());
        DataStore store = DataStoreFinder.getDataStore(params);

        // Get feature source
        String typeName = store.getTypeNames()[0];
        featureSource = store.getFeatureSource(typeName);

        // Get coordinate reference system
        CoordinateReferenceSystem sourceCRS = featureSource.getSchema().getCoordinateReferenceSystem();
        CoordinateReferenceSystem targetCRS = CRS.decode("EPSG:4326");

        // Create transform and calculator
        transform = CRS.findMathTransform(sourceCRS, targetCRS);
        calculator = new GeodeticCalculator(sourceCRS);
    }

    public String geocode(double latitude, double longitude) throws IOException {
        // Create point and transform to feature source CRS
        GeometryFactory factory = JTSFactoryFinder.getGeometryFactory();
        Coordinate coord = new Coordinate(longitude, latitude);
        Point point = factory.createPoint(coord);
        Geometry transformed = JTS.transform(point, transform);

        // Create search filter
        SimpleFeatureType schema = featureSource.getSchema();
        FilterFactory2 ff = CommonFactoryFinder.getFilterFactory2();
        Filter filter = ff.intersects(ff.property(schema.getGeometryDescriptor().getName()), ff.literal(transformed));

        // Query feature source
        FeatureCollection features = featureSource.getFeatures(filter);
        FeatureIterator iterator = features.features();

        try {
            if (iterator.hasNext()) {
                SimpleFeature feature = iterator.next();
                return feature.getAttribute("NAME").toString();
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        } finally {
            iterator.close();
        }
    }

    // Example usage
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Geocoder geocoder = new Geocoder("map.shp");
        String address = geocoder.geocode(37.7749, -122.4194);
        System.out.println(address);
    }
}

上面的代码使用GeoTools加载一个形状文件作为参考数据，并提供一个`geocode`方法来查找给定坐标的地址。该方法使用`GeodeticCalculator`计算两个点之间的距离，并使用`Filter`过滤器查询特定的地理位置。