用c++设计两个酒店管理员客房管理的类：一个是Person类，要求有储存房号，客户姓名和身份证号的信息；另一个类是Client类，要求新增客户的订房、退房和消费金额等信息。并给出相关测试算法

### 回答1：
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class Person {
public:
int roomNum;
string name;
string IDNumber;
};

class Client : public Person {
public:
bool isRent;
double cost;

Client() {
isRent = false;
cost = 0;
}

void rentRoom(int num, string n, string id) {
if (!isRent) {
isRent = true;
roomNum = num;
name = n;
IDNumber = id;
cout << "Client " << name << " has successfully rented room " << roomNum << endl;
} else {
cout << "Sorry, the room has been rented out." << endl;
}
}

void returnRoom() {
if (isRent) {
isRent = false;
cout << "Client " << name << " has successfully returned room " << roomNum << endl;
} else {
cout << "Sorry, the room has not been rented out." << endl;
}
}

void addCost(double c) {
if (isRent) {
cost += c;
cout << "Client " << name << " has added " << c << " yuan to his/her bill" << endl;
} else {
cout << "Sorry, the room has not been rented out." << endl;
}
}
};

int main() {
Client c;
c.rentRoom(101, "Tom", "123456");
c.addCost(100);
c.returnRoom();
c.addCost(50);
c.rentRoom(102, "Lucy", "654321");
c.addCost(200);
c.returnRoom();
return 0;
}

### 回答2：
首先，我们可以设计一个名为Person的类，该类具有储存客房管理相关信息的属性，包括房号、客户姓名和身份证号。以下是Person类的C代码示例：

#include<stdio.h>

struct Person {
    int roomNumber;
    char customerName[50];
    char IDNumber[20];
};

接下来，我们可以设计一个名为Client的类，该类继承于Person类，它可以新增客户的订房、退房和消费金额等信息。以下是Client类的C代码示例：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>

struct Person {
    int roomNumber;
    char customerName[50];
    char IDNumber[20];
};

struct Client {
    struct Person person;
    float totalCost;
};

void bookRoom(struct Client* client, int roomNumber, char customerName[], char IDNumber[]) {
    client->person.roomNumber = roomNumber;
    strcpy(client->person.customerName, customerName);
    strcpy(client->person.IDNumber, IDNumber);
    printf("已预订房间号：%d\n", client->person.roomNumber);
    printf("客户姓名：%s\n", client->person.customerName);
    printf("客户身份证号：%s\n", client->person.IDNumber);
}

void checkOut(struct Client* client) {
    printf("已退房房间号：%d\n", client->person.roomNumber);
    printf("客户姓名：%s\n", client->person.customerName);
    printf("客户身份证号：%s\n", client->person.IDNumber);
}

void setTotalCost(struct Client* client, float totalCost) {
    client->totalCost = totalCost;
}

int main() {
    struct Client client;
    bookRoom(&client, 101, "张三", "1234567890");
    checkOut(&client);
    setTotalCost(&client, 1000.00);
    printf("消费金额：%f\n", client.totalCost);
    return 0;
}

以上代码示例中，我们使用了结构体来表示类的属性，通过指针传递参数来修改类的属性值。在主函数中，我们创建了一个Client对象，调用了bookRoom、checkOut和setTotalCost函数来执行相关操作，并输出了相关信息。

该测试算法的运行结果为：

已预订房间号：101
客户姓名：张三
客户身份证号：1234567890
已退房房间号：101
客户姓名：张三
客户身份证号：1234567890
消费金额：1000.000000

以上就是使用C语言设计两个酒店管理员客房管理的类的实现。

### 回答3：
Person类设计如下：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

class Person {
private:
    int roomNumber;
    string clientName;
    string idNumber;

public:
    Person() {}

    Person(int roomNum, string name, string id) {
        roomNumber = roomNum;
        clientName = name;
        idNumber = id;
    }

    void setRoomNumber(int roomNum) {
        roomNumber = roomNum;
    }

    void setClientName(string name) {
        clientName = name;
    }

    void setIdNumber(string id) {
        idNumber = id;
    }

    int getRoomNumber() {
        return roomNumber;
    }

    string getClientName() {
        return clientName;
    }

    string getIdNumber() {
        return idNumber;
    }
};

Client类设计如下：

class Client : public Person {
private:
    float totalCost;

public:
    Client() {}

    Client(int roomNum, string name, string id, float cost) : Person(roomNum, name, id) {
        totalCost = cost;
    }

    void setTotalCost(float cost) {
        totalCost = cost;
    }

    float getTotalCost() {
        return totalCost;
    }

    void bookRoom(int roomNum, string name, string id) {
        setRoomNumber(roomNum);
        setClientName(name);
        setIdNumber(id);
    }

    void checkOut() {
        setRoomNumber(-1);
        setClientName("");
        setIdNumber("");
        setTotalCost(0.0);
    }
};

测试算法如下：

int main() {
    Client client;

    client.bookRoom(101, "张三", "120102199001012345");
    cout << "客户信息：" << client.getClientName() << " " << client.getIdNumber() << " 房间号：" << client.getRoomNumber() << endl;

    client.setTotalCost(500.0);
    cout << "消费金额：" << client.getTotalCost() << endl;

    client.checkOut();
    cout << "客户信息：" << client.getClientName() << " " << client.getIdNumber() << " 房间号：" << client.getRoomNumber() << endl;

    return 0;
}

该测试算法首先创建一个Client对象，调用bookRoom方法订房，并输出客户信息和房间号。然后设置消费金额并输出。最后调用checkOut方法退房，并输出客户信息和房间号。