matlab写上述代码

在MATLAB中编写上述代码的过程会有所不同，因为MATLAB有自己的矩阵操作和地理空间数据分析工具箱。以下是在MATLAB中实现类似功能的一个例子：

% 加载栅格数据
file_path = 'your_tif_file.tif';
dataset = raster(file_path);
blockSize = [5 5];  % 块大小

% 分块并读取高程
blocks = step(dataset, 'BlockDataSubscript');
elevation_blocks = cellfun(@(x) double(x.Data), blocks, 'UniformOutput', false);

% 计算每个5x5区域的高程
[x, y] = meshgrid(1:size(dataset, 2)/blockSize(1), 1:size(dataset, 1)/blockSize(2));
elevations = squeeze(cell2mat(elevation_blocks));

% 计算坡度
[row, col] = ind2sub(size(elevations), [y(:), x(:)]);
dx = zeros(size(row));
dy = zeros(size(row));
for i = 1:numel(row)
    e = elevations(row(i), col(i));  % 中心点高程
    dx(i) = (elevation_blocks{row(i)-2}(col(i)+1, :) + 2*elevation_blocks{row(i)}(col(i)+1, :) + elevation_blocks{row(i)+2}(col(i)+1, :)) - ...
             (elevation_blocks{row(i)-2}(col(i)-1, :) + 2*elevation_blocks{row(i)}(col(i)-1, :) + elevation_blocks{row(i)+2}(col(i)-1, :))/8;
    dy(i) = (elevation_blocks{row(i)-2}(col(i), :) + 2*elevation_blocks{row(i)}(col(i), :) + elevation_blocks{row(i)+2}(col(i), :)) - ...
             (elevation_blocks{row(i)-2}(col(i), :) + 2*elevation_blocks{row(i)}(col(i), :) + elevation_blocks{row(i)+2}(col(i), :))/8;
end
dx = dx ./ reshape(bsxfun(@times, ones(1, 8), blockSize), numel(dx), 1);
dy = dy ./ reshape(bsxfun(@times, ones(1, 8), blockSize), numel(dy), 1);
slope_magnitude = sqrt(dx.^2 + dy.^2);
slope_angle = rad2deg(asin(dx./sqrt(dx.^2 + dy.^2)));

% 判断水平面和计算坡向
is_flat = isnan(dx) & isnan(dy);
directions = bsxfun(@times, [sin(slope_angle)', cos(slope_angle)'], sign(-dy));
directions(is_flat, :) = [0; 0; 1];

% 结果整理为结构体数组
results = cell(length(row), 1);
for i = 1:numel(row)
    results{i} = struct('x', x(i), 'y', y(i), 'height', elevations(row(i), col(i)), ...
                       'slope_magnitude', slope_magnitude(i), 'slope_angle', slope_angle(i), ...
                       'slope_direction', directions(i,:));
end

注意，MATLAB中没有直接的DataFrame，但你可以将结果存储在一个结构体数组或者Cell Array中。如果你需要更灵活的数据组织，建议使用`table`或`struct`。