栈的四则运算表达式习题
时间: 2023-11-07 10:51:10 浏览: 95
栈的四则运算表达式习题是指通过栈的数据结构来进行四则运算的练习题。其中包括中缀表达式转后缀表达式和后缀表达式的计算。首先,中缀表达式转后缀表达式是通过使用栈的特点,将中缀表达式转化为等价的后缀表达式。然后,利用后缀表达式进行计算时,需要遍历表达式,按照计算方法进行计算。以下是一个完整的示例代码,用于演示栈的四则运算表达式习题:
```python
# 定义函数,用于判断运算符的优先级
def precedence(operator):
if operator == '+' or operator == '-':
return 1
elif operator == '*' or operator == '/':
return 2
else:
return 0
# 定义函数,用于将中缀表达式转化为后缀表达式
def infix_to_postfix(expression):
stack = []
postfix = ''
for char in expression:
if char.isdigit():
postfix += char
elif char == '(':
stack.append(char)
elif char == ')':
while stack and stack[-1 != '(':
postfix += stack.pop()
stack.pop()
else:
while stack and precedence(char) <= precedence(stack[-1]):
postfix += stack.pop()
stack.append(char)
while stack:
postfix += stack.pop()
return postfix
# 定义函数,用于计算后缀表达式的值
def evaluate_postfix(expression):
stack = []
for char in expression:
if char.isdigit():
stack.append(int(char))
else:
num2 = stack.pop()
num1 = stack.pop()
if char == '+':
stack.append(num1 + num2)
elif char == '-':
stack.append(num1 - num2)
elif char == '*':
stack.append(num1 * num2)
elif char == '/':
stack.append(num1 / num2)
return stack.pop()
# 示例表达式
infix_expression = '(3+4)*(5-2)'
postfix_expression = infix_to_postfix(infix_expression)
result = evaluate_postfix(postfix_expression)
# 输出结果
print("中缀表达式:", infix_expression)
print("后缀表达式:", postfix_expression)
print("计算结果:", result)
```
以上代码会将中缀表达式"(3+4)*(5-2)"转化为后缀表达式"34+52-*",并且计算出结果为21。这是栈的四则运算表达式习题的一个例子。
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