springboot debezium opengauss 如何实现捕获变更数据

要在Spring Boot应用程序中使用Debezium和OpenGauss来捕获变更数据，您需要执行以下步骤：

1. 在Spring Boot项目中添加Debezium和OpenGauss的依赖项。

2. 配置Debezium连接到OpenGauss数据库并启动Debezium引擎。

3. 创建一个Kafka生产者并将Debezium捕获的变更数据发送到Kafka主题。

4. 从Kafka主题中消费变更数据。

具体实现步骤如下：

1. 添加Debezium和OpenGauss的依赖项

在pom.xml中添加以下依赖项：

<dependency>
  <groupId>io.debezium</groupId>
  <artifactId>debezium-core</artifactId>
  <version>1.3.0.Final</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>io.debezium.connector</groupId>
  <artifactId>debezium-connector-opengauss</artifactId>
  <version>1.3.0.Final</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
  <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
  <version>42.2.12</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
  <artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId>
  <version>2.5.1</version>
</dependency>

2. 配置Debezium连接到OpenGauss数据库并启动Debezium引擎

在application.properties中添加以下配置：

# Debezium configuration
debezium.connector.name=opengauss
debezium.connector.class=io.debezium.connector.opengauss.OpenGaussConnector
debezium.offset.storage=kafka
debezium.offset.storage.topic=dbhistory.opengauss
debezium.offset.storage.partitions=1
debezium.offset.storage.replication.factor=1
debezium.snapshot.mode=when_needed
debezium.poll.interval.ms=5000

# OpenGauss configuration
database.hostname=localhost
database.port=5432
database.user=postgres
database.password=password
database.dbname=mydb
database.server.name=myserver

然后创建一个Debezium引擎实例，如下所示：

@Configuration
public class DebeziumEngineConfiguration {

    @Value("${debezium.connector.name}")
    private String connectorName;

    @Value("${debezium.connector.class}")
    private String connectorClass;

    @Value("${debezium.offset.storage}")
    private String offsetStorage;

    @Value("${debezium.offset.storage.topic}")
    private String offsetStorageTopic;

    @Value("${debezium.offset.storage.partitions}")
    private int offsetStoragePartitions;

    @Value("${debezium.offset.storage.replication.factor}")
    private short offsetStorageReplicationFactor;

    @Value("${debezium.snapshot.mode}")
    private String snapshotMode;

    @Value("${debezium.poll.interval.ms}")
    private long pollIntervalMs;

    @Value("${database.hostname}")
    private String hostname;

    @Value("${database.port}")
    private int port;

    @Value("${database.user}")
    private String user;

    @Value("${database.password}")
    private String password;

    @Value("${database.dbname}")
    private String dbname;

    @Value("${database.server.name}")
    private String serverName;

    @Bean
    public Configuration debeziumConfiguration() {
        Configuration config = Configuration.create()
                .with("connector.class", connectorClass)
                .with("offset.storage", offsetStorage)
                .with("offset.storage.topic", offsetStorageTopic)
                .with("offset.storage.partitions", offsetStoragePartitions)
                .with("offset.storage.replication.factor", offsetStorageReplicationFactor)
                .with("name", connectorName)
                .with("database.hostname", hostname)
                .with("database.port", port)
                .with("database.user", user)
                .with("database.password", password)
                .with("database.dbname", dbname)
                .with("database.server.name", serverName)
                .with("snapshot.mode", snapshotMode)
                .with("poll.interval.ms", pollIntervalMs);

        return config;
    }

    @Bean
    public DebeziumEngine<ChangeEvent<String, String>> debeziumEngine() {
        DebeziumEngine<ChangeEvent<String, String>> engine = DebeziumEngine.create(Json.class)
                .using(debeziumConfiguration())
                .notifying(this::handleEvent)
                .build();

        return engine;
    }

    private void handleEvent(ChangeEvent<String, String> event) {
        // Handle event
    }
}

3. 创建一个Kafka生产者并将Debezium捕获的变更数据发送到Kafka主题

首先创建一个Kafka生产者实例，然后在Debezium引擎中添加以下配置：

.with("database.history.kafka.bootstrap.servers", "${spring.kafka.bootstrap-servers}")
.with("database.history.kafka.topic", "dbhistory.opengauss")

然后在handleEvent()方法中将Debezium捕获的变更数据发送到Kafka主题，如下所示：

@Autowired
private KafkaTemplate<String, String> kafkaTemplate;

private void handleEvent(ChangeEvent<String, String> event) {
    String key = event.key();
    String value = event.value();

    kafkaTemplate.send("mytopic", key, value);
}

4. 从Kafka主题中消费变更数据

创建一个Kafka消费者实例，然后从Kafka主题中消费变更数据，如下所示：

@KafkaListener(topics = "mytopic")
public void processMessage(ConsumerRecord<String, String> record) {
    String key = record.key();
    String value = record.value();
    
    // Process message
}