C语言 GetIDsOfNames 获取Range Excel表格实例

首先，你需要使用 Microsoft Excel 的 COM 组件来打开 Excel 应用程序，并获取 Range 对象。

以下是一个简单的 C 代码示例，用于获取 Excel 应用程序对象、工作簿对象和工作表对象，然后从工作表中获取 Range 对象。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include "ole2.h"
#include "oleauto.h"

int main()
{
    HRESULT hr;
    CLSID clsid;
    IDispatch *pExcelApp = NULL, *pWorkbook = NULL, *pWorksheet = NULL, *pRange = NULL;
    VARIANT vtWorkbooks, vtWorkbook, vtWorksheets, vtWorksheet, vtRange;

    // 初始化 COM 库
    hr = CoInitialize(NULL);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("CoInitialize failed: %x\n", hr);
        return 1;
    }

    // 获取 Excel 应用程序对象
    hr = CLSIDFromProgID(L"Excel.Application", &clsid);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("CLSIDFromProgID failed: %x\n", hr);
        CoUninitialize();
        return 1;
    }

    hr = CoCreateInstance(&clsid, NULL, CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, &IID_IDispatch, (void **)&pExcelApp);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("CoCreateInstance failed: %x\n", hr);
        CoUninitialize();
        return 1;
    }

    // 打开工作簿
    vtWorkbooks.vt = VT_DISPATCH;
    vtWorkbooks.pdispVal = pExcelApp;
    hr = InvokeMethod(pExcelApp, L"Workbooks", &vtWorkbooks, 1, &vtWorkbook);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("InvokeMethod Workbooks failed: %x\n", hr);
        pExcelApp->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return 1;
    }

    hr = InvokeMethod(pWorkbook, L"Open", L"C:\\test.xlsx", NULL, 0);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("InvokeMethod Open failed: %x\n", hr);
        pWorkbook->Release();
        pExcelApp->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return 1;
    }

    // 获取工作表对象
    vtWorksheets.vt = VT_DISPATCH;
    vtWorksheets.pdispVal = pWorkbook;
    hr = InvokeMethod(pWorkbook, L"Worksheets", &vtWorksheets, 1, &vtWorksheet);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("InvokeMethod Worksheets failed: %x\n", hr);
        pWorkbook->Release();
        pExcelApp->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return 1;
    }

    // 获取 Range 对象
    vtRange.vt = VT_BSTR;
    vtRange.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"A1:B2");
    hr = InvokeMethod(pWorksheet, L"Range", &vtRange, 1, &vtRange);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("InvokeMethod Range failed: %x\n", hr);
        pWorksheet->Release();
        pWorkbook->Release();
        pExcelApp->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return 1;
    }

    // TODO: 使用 Range 对象进行操作

    // 释放所有对象
    VariantClear(&vtRange);
    pRange->Release();
    VariantClear(&vtWorksheet);
    pWorksheet->Release();
    VariantClear(&vtWorksheets);
    pWorkbook->Release();
    VariantClear(&vtWorkbook);
    pExcelApp->Release();
    CoUninitialize();

    return 0;
}

// InvokeMethod 函数用于调用 COM 对象的方法
HRESULT InvokeMethod(IDispatch *pObj, LPCWSTR szName, VARIANT *pvResult, int cArgs, ...)
{
    HRESULT hr;
    DISPID dispid;
    DISPPARAMS dispparams = {0};
    VARIANTARG *pArgs = NULL;
    EXCEPINFO excepinfo;

    // 获取方法的 DISPID
    hr = pObj->GetIDsOfNames(IID_NULL, (LPOLESTR *)&szName, 1, LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT, &dispid);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("GetIDsOfNames failed: %x\n", hr);
        return hr;
    }

    if (cArgs > 0)
    {
        pArgs = new VARIANTARG[cArgs];
        va_list marker;
        va_start(marker, cArgs);
        for (int i = 0; i < cArgs; i++)
        {
            pArgs[i] = va_arg(marker, VARIANTARG);
        }
        va_end(marker);
        dispparams.cArgs = cArgs;
        dispparams.rgvarg = pArgs;
    }

    // 调用方法
    hr = pObj->Invoke(dispid, IID_NULL, LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_METHOD, &dispparams, pvResult, &excepinfo, NULL);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("Invoke %S failed: %x\n", szName, hr);
        return hr;
    }

    if (pArgs != NULL)
    {
        delete[] pArgs;
    }

    return S_OK;
}

上述代码中的 `InvokeMethod` 函数用于调用 COM 对象的方法，其中 `pObj` 参数为要调用的对象，`szName` 参数为方法名，`pvResult` 参数为返回值，`cArgs` 参数为参数个数，后面的可变参数为具体的参数。