输入一个十进制转换为二进制,在输入时要求只能输入0或1或.且.只能出现一次
时间: 2024-10-23 12:15:03 浏览: 24
在 C++ 中,你可以使用 `std::cin` 和循环来实现这个功能。首先,我们需要读取用户的输入,然后检查输入是否符合规则(只有 '0'、'1' 或 '.' 且只出现一次 '.')。接下来,我们将数字分割成整数和小数两部分,分别将其转换为二进制表示。这里是一个简单的示例:
```cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
// Function to convert an integer to binary
std::string intToBinary(int num) {
std::string binary;
while (num > 0) {
binary = std::to_string(num % 2) + binary;
num /= 2;
}
return binary;
}
int main() {
std::string input;
bool decimal_seen = false;
// Read user input, check for . only once
std::cout << "Enter a decimal number (can contain only 0, 1 or a single .): ";
while (std::cin >> input) {
if (input == ".") {
if (decimal_seen) {
std::cerr << "Error: Only one decimal point allowed.\n";
break;
} else {
decimal_seen = true;
}
} else if (input != '0' && input != '1') {
std::cerr << "Error: Input can only be 0, 1, or a single .\n";
std::cin.clear();
std::cin.ignore(std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max(), '\n');
continue;
}
// Split into integer and fraction parts
size_t dot_index = input.find('.');
if (dot_index != std::string::npos) {
int integer_part = std::stoi(input.substr(0, dot_index));
double fraction_part = std::stod(input.substr(dot_index + 1));
// Convert both parts to binary
std::string binary_integer = intToBinary(integer_part);
std::string binary_fraction = "";
// Since we cannot represent all fractions exactly in binary, limit precision to 8 digits
int precision = 8;
for (int i = 0; i < precision; ++i) {
fraction_part *= 2;
binary_fraction += (fraction_part >= 1 ? '1' : '0');
fraction_part -= (fraction_part >= 1);
}
// Combine the two parts
input = binary_integer + "." + binary_fraction;
} else {
// If no decimal part, treat as an integer
input = intToBinary(std::stoi(input));
}
}
std::cout << "The binary representation is: " << input << "\n";
return 0;
}
```
在这个程序中,我们首先读取用户的输入并检查是否包含单个点。如果包含,我们将输入分为整数和小数两部分。对于小数部分,我们将其四舍五入到固定精度(这里是 8 位)。
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