import csv import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from datetime import datetime # 解决中文显示问题 plt.style.use('seaborn') plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['KaiTi'] # 指定默认字体 plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False # 解决保存图像是负号'-'显示为方块的问题 filename = 'data/sitka_weather_2018_simple.csv' with open(filename) as f: reader = csv.reader(f) # 创建一个与该文件相关联的阅读器对象 header_row = next(reader) # 读取文件头 dates, highs, lows = [], [], [] for row in reader: # 转换日期格式 current_date = datetime.strptime(row[2], '%Y-%m-%d') high = int(row[5]) low = int(row[6]) dates.append(current_date) highs.append(high) lows.append(low) fig, ax = plt.subplots() ax.plot(dates, highs, c='red', alpha=0.5) ax.plot(dates, lows, c='blue', alpha=0.5) ax.fill_between(dates, highs, lows, facecolor='blue', alpha=0.1) ax.set_title('2018年每日最高温度', fontsize=24) ax.set_xlabel('', fontsize=16) fig.autofmt_xdate() ax.set_ylabel('温度(F)', fontsize=16) ax.tick_params(axis='both', which='major', labelsize=16) plt.show()增加平均值显示

要在图表中添加平均温度，可以在读取CSV文件并计算最高温度和最低温度后，再计算平均温度，并将其添加到图表中。

以下是示例代码：

import csv
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from datetime import datetime

plt.style.use('seaborn')
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['KaiTi']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

filename = 'data/sitka_weather_2018_simple.csv'

with open(filename) as f:
    reader = csv.reader(f)
    header_row = next(reader)

    dates, highs, lows = [], [], []
    for row in reader:
        current_date = datetime.strptime(row[2], '%Y-%m-%d')
        high = int(row[5])
        low = int(row[6])
        dates.append(current_date)
        highs.append(high)
        lows.append(low)

    # 计算平均温度
    avg = [(high + low) / 2 for high, low in zip(highs, lows)]

    fig, ax = plt.subplots()
    ax.plot(dates, highs, c='red', alpha=0.5)
    ax.plot(dates, lows, c='blue', alpha=0.5)
    ax.plot(dates, avg, c='green', alpha=0.5)
    ax.fill_between(dates, highs, lows, facecolor='blue', alpha=0.1)

    ax.set_title('2018年每日温度', fontsize=24)
    ax.set_xlabel('', fontsize=16)
    fig.autofmt_xdate()
    ax.set_ylabel('温度(F)', fontsize=16)
    ax.tick_params(axis='both', which='major', labelsize=16)

    # 在图表中添加平均温度
    avg_temp = sum(avg) / len(avg)
    ax.text(dates[0], avg_temp, f'平均温度: {avg_temp:.1f}F', fontsize=12)

plt.show()

在这个版本的代码中，我们计算了平均温度，并使用`ax.plot(dates, avg, c='green', alpha=0.5)`在图表中添加了平均温度的折线。我们还使用`avg_temp = sum(avg) / len(avg)`计算了平均温度的值，并使用`ax.text(dates[0], avg_temp, f'平均温度: {avg_temp:.1f}F', fontsize=12)`将其添加到图表中。