Excel VBA 与 arduino 建立通讯 写个代码

Excel VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) 和 Arduino 之间的通信通常涉及到串口通信，Arduino通过USB连接到电脑时，其串口（Serial Port）可以被VBA程序访问。以下是一个基础的例子，展示了如何在Excel VBA中建立与Arduino Uno的简单通讯：

首先，确保你已经安装了Microsoft ActiveX控件“SerialPort”，可以在VBA编辑器中插入：

' 在VBA编辑器中添加引用
Private Declare Function CreateFile Lib "kernel32" Alias "CreateFileA" (ByVal lpFileName As String, ByVal dwDesiredAccess As Long, ByVal dwShareMode As Long, ByVal lpSecurityAttributes As Any, ByVal dwCreationDisposition As Long, ByVal dwFlagsAndAttributes As Long, ByVal hTemplateFile As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function CloseHandle Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hObject As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function WriteFile Lib "Kernel32.dll" (ByVal hDeviceHandle As Long, ByVal lpBuffer As Long, ByVal nNumberOfBytesToWrite As Long, lpNumberOfBytesWritten As Long, ByVal lpOverlapped As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function ReadFile Lib "Kernel32.dll" (ByVal hDeviceHandle As Long, ByVal lpBuffer As Long, ByVal nNumberOfBytesToRead As Long, lpNumberOfBytesRead As Long, ByVal lpOverlapped As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function GetLastError Lib "kernel32" () As Long

然后编写一个子过程来进行数据交换：

Sub CommunicateWithArduino()
    Dim comport As Object
    Dim dataOut(0 To 1) As Byte
    Dim dataIn(0 To 1) As Byte
    
    ' 打开串口
    Set comport = CreateObject("COM port")
    comport.Open "COM3" ' 替换为你Arduino连接的端口号
    
    ' 发送数据（假设Arduino接收两位字节的数据）
    For i = 0 To 1
        dataOut(i) = i ' 这里填写你要发送的实际数据
        WriteFile(comport.hCommPort, ByVal dataOut(i), 1, 0, Nothing)
    Next i
    
    ' 接收数据
    If ReadFile(comport.hCommPort, dataIn, 2, 0, Nothing) <> 0 Then
        Debug.Print "Received: " & Hex(dataIn(0)) & " and " & Hex(dataIn(1))
    Else
        Debug.Print "Failed to read from Arduino"
    End If
    
    ' 关闭串口
    CloseHandle comPort.Close
End Sub

这个例子只是一个基本框架，你需要根据实际的Arduino代码调整数据结构和通信协议。此外，记得检查硬件连接是否正确以及Arduino代码是否已准备好接收来自Excel的数据。