基于python写一个饮料瓶形状检测与识别的程序

要实现饮料瓶形状检测与识别，可以通过以下步骤实现：

1. 导入必要的python库和模块：

import cv2
import numpy as np

2. 读取饮料瓶图片：

img = cv2.imread('bottle.jpg')

3. 转换成灰度图：

gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

4. 进行形态学变换，去除噪声：

kernel = np.ones((5,5),np.uint8)
opening = cv2.morphologyEx(gray, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, kernel)

5. 边缘检测：

edges = cv2.Canny(opening, 50, 150, apertureSize=3)

6. 查找轮廓：

contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(edges, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)

7. 遍历轮廓，筛选出符合条件的瓶子轮廓：

for cnt in contours:
    approx = cv2.approxPolyDP(cnt, 0.01*cv2.arcLength(cnt,True),True)
    if len(approx)==4:
        x,y,w,h = cv2.boundingRect(approx)
        aspectRatio = float(w)/h
        if aspectRatio > 0.7 and aspectRatio < 1.3:
            cv2.drawContours(img,[approx],0,(0,255,0),3)
            cv2.putText(img,'Bottle',(x,y), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 0.6,(0,255,0),2)

8. 显示结果：

cv2.imshow('Result',img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

完整代码如下：

import cv2
import numpy as np

img = cv2.imread('bottle.jpg')
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
kernel = np.ones((5,5),np.uint8)
opening = cv2.morphologyEx(gray, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, kernel)
edges = cv2.Canny(opening, 50, 150, apertureSize=3)
contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(edges, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)

for cnt in contours:
    approx = cv2.approxPolyDP(cnt, 0.01*cv2.arcLength(cnt,True),True)
    if len(approx)==4:
        x,y,w,h = cv2.boundingRect(approx)
        aspectRatio = float(w)/h
        if aspectRatio > 0.7 and aspectRatio < 1.3:
            cv2.drawContours(img,[approx],0,(0,255,0),3)
            cv2.putText(img,'Bottle',(x,y), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 0.6,(0,255,0),2)

cv2.imshow('Result',img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()