写一个c++程序使用Windows API如wmi库在适当的安全上下文中执行打印机操作，并给出所有打印机列表

在C++中，使用Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI)库来操作打印机通常需要对Win32_PnPEntity、Win32_Printer等类进行查询。为了在适当的权限上下文中执行操作，你需要包含`<windows.h>`头文件，并利用如CoInitializeEx()函数初始化COM库。以下是一个基本的示例，展示如何获取打印机列表：

#include <windows.h>
#include <wbemidl.h>
#include <objbase.h>
#include <comdef.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "wbemuuid.lib") // 引入WMI库

void ListPrinters()
{
    HRESULT hr;
    BSTR errorDesc = nullptr;
    IClassFactory* factory = nullptr;
    IWbemServices* services = nullptr;
    IWbemObjectSet* printers = nullptr;

    CoInitializeEx(nullptr, COINIT_MULTITHREADED); // 初始化COM单线程模型

    hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemScriptingEngine, nullptr,
        CLSCTX_SERVER | COINIT_DISABLE_OLE1DDE, IID_IWbemScriptingEngine, (LPVOID*)&factory);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        std::cerr << "Failed to create WMI engine: " << winerror(hr) << ", description: " << errorDesc << std::endl;
        return;
    }

    hr = factory->QueryInterface(IID_IWbemServices, (LPVOID*)&services);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        std::cerr << "Failed to get WMI services: " << winerror(hr) << ", description: " << errorDesc << std::endl;
        CoUninitialize(); // 关闭COM
        return;
    }
    factory->Release();

    hr = services->ConnectServer(L"\\.", L"WQL", nullptr, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, &printers);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        std::cerr << "Failed to connect to WMI namespace: " << winerror(hr) << ", description: " << errorDesc << std::endl;
        services->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return;
    }

    BSTR query = SysAllocString(L"SELECT * FROM Win32_Printer");
    IWbemResultSet* result = nullptr;
    hr = printers->ExecQuery(WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY | WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY, query, NULL, NULL, &result);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        std::cerr << "Failed to execute query: " << winerror(hr) << ", description: " << errorDesc << std::endl;
        result->Release();
        printers->Release();
        services->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return;
    }

    ULONG count = 0;
    hr = result->GetCount(&count);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        std::cerr << "Failed to get result count: " << winerror(hr) << ", description: " << errorDesc << std::endl;
        result->Release();
        printers->Release();
        services->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return;
    }

    for (ULONG i = 0; i < count; ++i)
    {
        BSTR name;
        hr = result->GetNext(0, NULL, NULL, &name, NULL);
        if (FAILED(hr))
            break;

        std::cout << "Printer Name: " << name << std::endl;
        SysFreeString(name);
    }

    result->Release();
    printers->Release();
    services->Release();
    CoUninitialize();
}

// 示例调用
int main()
{
    try
    {
        ListPrinters();
    }
    catch (...)
    {
        std::cerr << "An exception occurred." << std::endl;
    }
    return 0;
}