元旦 python代码

### 解释算法

算法是一组定义明确的操作步骤，用于解决特定问题或执行某项任务。这些操作可以是计算、数据处理以及自动推理等。为了更好地理解这一概念，下面将通过两个经典的排序算法——冒泡排序和快速排序来展示如何编写Python代码实现它们。

#### 冒泡排序

冒泡排序是一种简单直观的比较类内部排序方法。它重复遍历待排序列表，在每一轮迭代过程中依次对比相邻元素大小，并交换位置直到整个序列有序为止。

def bubble_sort(arr):
    n = len(arr)
    for i in range(n):
        swapped = False
        for j in range(0, n-i-1):
            if arr[j] > arr[j+1]:
                arr[j], arr[j+1] = arr[j+1], arr[j]
                swapped = True
        if not swapped:
            break
    return arr

ASCII Art Visualization of Bubble Sort Process:

Initial array: [5, 2, 9, 3, 7]

Pass 1: Compare adjacent elements and swap when necessary.
[2, 5, 3, 7, 9]

Pass 2: Continue comparing remaining unsorted portion.
[2, 3, 5, 7, 9]

Final sorted result after all passes completed successfully.

#### 快速排序

快速排序采用分治法策略来进行高效排序。其基本思想是从数组中选取一个基准值pivot，然后把小于等于它的数放在左边，大于它的数放到右边；接着分别对左右两部分递归调用相同的过程直至完成全部排序工作。

def quick_sort(arr):
    if len(arr) <= 1:
        return arr
    else:
        pivot = arr[len(arr)//2]
        left = [x for x in arr if x < pivot]
        middle = [x for x in arr if x == pivot]
        right = [x for x in arr if x > pivot]
        return quick_sort(left) + middle + quick_sort(right)

ASCII Art Visualization of Quick Sort Process:

Unsorted Array: [8, 3, 6, 7, 2, 5, 4, 9, 1]

Choose Pivot Value: 6
Partition Around Pivot:
Left Part (<6): [3, 2, 5, 4, 1]
Middle Part (=6): [6]
Right Part (>6): [8, 7, 9]

Recursively Apply Same Logic To Left And Right Parts Until Sorted Completely.

Sorted Result After All Recursive Calls Finished Successfully.

对于与元旦相关的Python代码示例，这里提供了一个简单的倒计时程序：

import time

print("Happy New Year Countdown:")

for seconds_left in reversed(range(1, 11)):
    print(f"{seconds_left}...")
    time.sleep(1)

print("Happy New Year!")