python实现手写数字识别算法代码

在Python中实现手写数字识别，通常会用到机器学习库如TensorFlow或Keras，结合深度学习中的卷积神经网络（Convolutional Neural Networks, CNN）。下面是一个简化的MNIST数据集上的手写数字识别示例，使用了Keras库：

# 导入必要的库
from keras.datasets import mnist
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Dense, Conv2D, Flatten, Dropout

# 加载MNIST数据集
(x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data()

# 数据预处理
x_train = x_train.reshape(-1, 28, 28, 1)
x_test = x_test.reshape(-1, 28, 28, 1)
x_train = x_train / 255.0
x_test = x_test / 255.0
y_train = keras.utils.to_categorical(y_train, 10)
y_test = keras.utils.to_categorical(y_test, 10)

# 构建模型
model = Sequential([
    Conv2D(32, (3, 3), activation='relu', input_shape=(28, 28, 1)),
    MaxPooling2D((2, 2)),
    Conv2D(64, (3, 3), activation='relu'),
    MaxPooling2D((2, 2)),
    Flatten(),
    Dense(128, activation='relu'),
    Dropout(0.5),
    Dense(10, activation='softmax')
])

# 编译模型
model.compile(optimizer='adam', loss='categorical_crossentropy', metrics=['accuracy'])

# 训练模型
model.fit(x_train, y_train, epochs=10, validation_data=(x_test, y_test))

# 评估模型
score = model.evaluate(x_test, y_test, verbose=0)
print('Test loss:', score[0])
print('Test accuracy:', score[1])