docker搭建hadoop集群
时间: 2023-06-11 18:06:29 浏览: 228
搭建Hadoop集群需要进行以下步骤:
1. 安装Docker和Docker Compose
在搭建Hadoop集群之前,需要先安装Docker和Docker Compose。在Linux系统中,可以使用以下命令来安装:
```
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker
sudo apt-get install docker-compose
```
2. 创建Docker镜像
在安装完Docker和Docker Compose之后,需要创建Hadoop镜像。Docker镜像可以通过Dockerfile文件进行创建。以下是一个简单的Dockerfile文件示例:
```
FROM ubuntu:18.04
RUN apt-get update && \
apt-get install -y ssh && \
apt-get install -y rsync && \
apt-get install -y openjdk-8-jdk && \
apt-get clean && \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/*
RUN useradd -ms /bin/bash hadoop && \
echo 'hadoop:hadoop' | chpasswd && \
usermod -aG sudo hadoop
RUN ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa && \
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys && \
chmod 0600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
ADD hadoop-2.10.1.tar.gz /opt
RUN cd /opt && \
ln -s hadoop-2.10.1 hadoop && \
chown -R hadoop:hadoop hadoop-2.10.1 && \
chown -R hadoop:hadoop hadoop
ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64
ENV PATH $PATH:/opt/hadoop/bin:/opt/hadoop/sbin
CMD ["/usr/sbin/sshd", "-D"]
```
在该Dockerfile文件中,我们使用了Ubuntu 18.04作为基础镜像,然后安装了SSH、rsync和OpenJDK-8。我们还创建了一个名为hadoop的用户和一个SSH密钥对。接着,我们下载并解压Hadoop二进制文件,并设置环境变量。最后,我们启动SSH服务。
在生成Dockerfile文件之后,我们可以使用以下命令创建Hadoop镜像:
```
docker build -t hadoop .
```
3. 编写Docker Compose文件
在创建完Docker镜像之后,需要编写Docker Compose文件来定义Hadoop集群的拓扑结构。以下是一个简单的Docker Compose文件示例:
```
version: '2.3'
services:
namenode:
image: hadoop
container_name: namenode
hostname: namenode
ports:
- "50070:50070"
- "8088:8088"
volumes:
- ./data/namenode:/opt/hadoop-2.10.1/data/namenode
environment:
- HADOOP_ROLE=NAMENODE
- NAMENODE_HOST=namenode
- RESOURCEMANAGER_HOST=resourcemanager
command: ["/opt/hadoop/bin/hadoop", "namenode"]
networks:
hadoop:
ipv4_address: 172.16.238.10
datanode1:
image: hadoop
container_name: datanode1
hostname: datanode1
volumes:
- ./data/datanode1:/opt/hadoop-2.10.1/data/datanode
environment:
- HADOOP_ROLE=DATANODE
- NAMENODE_HOST=namenode
- RESOURCEMANAGER_HOST=resourcemanager
command: ["/opt/hadoop/bin/hadoop", "datanode"]
depends_on:
- namenode
networks:
hadoop:
ipv4_address: 172.16.238.11
datanode2:
image: hadoop
container_name: datanode2
hostname: datanode2
volumes:
- ./data/datanode2:/opt/hadoop-2.10.1/data/datanode
environment:
- HADOOP_ROLE=DATANODE
- NAMENODE_HOST=namenode
- RESOURCEMANAGER_HOST=resourcemanager
command: ["/opt/hadoop/bin/hadoop", "datanode"]
depends_on:
- namenode
networks:
hadoop:
ipv4_address: 172.16.238.12
resourcemanager:
image: hadoop
container_name: resourcemanager
hostname: resourcemanager
ports:
- "8080:8080"
environment:
- HADOOP_ROLE=RESOURCEMANAGER
- NAMENODE_HOST=namenode
- RESOURCEMANAGER_HOST=resourcemanager
command: ["/opt/hadoop/bin/yarn", "resourcemanager"]
depends_on:
- namenode
networks:
hadoop:
ipv4_address: 172.16.238.20
nodemanager1:
image: hadoop
container_name: nodemanager1
hostname: nodemanager1
environment:
- HADOOP_ROLE=NODEMANAGER
- NAMENODE_HOST=namenode
- RESOURCEMANAGER_HOST=resourcemanager
command: ["/opt/hadoop/bin/yarn", "nodemanager"]
depends_on:
- namenode
- resourcemanager
networks:
hadoop:
ipv4_address: 172.16.238.21
nodemanager2:
image: hadoop
container_name: nodemanager2
hostname: nodemanager2
environment:
- HADOOP_ROLE=NODEMANAGER
- NAMENODE_HOST=namenode
- RESOURCEMANAGER_HOST=resourcemanager
command: ["/opt/hadoop/bin/yarn", "nodemanager"]
depends_on:
- namenode
- resourcemanager
networks:
hadoop:
ipv4_address: 172.16.238.22
networks:
hadoop:
driver: bridge
ipam:
driver: default
config:
- subnet: 172.16.238.0/24
```
在该Docker Compose文件中,我们定义了一个包含一个NameNode、两个DataNode、一个ResourceManager和两个NodeManager的集群。我们使用了Hadoop镜像,并指定了容器名称、主机名、端口映射、数据卷、环境变量和命令。我们还使用了depends_on来定义容器之间的依赖关系。最后,我们定义了一个名为hadoop的网络,并指定了IP地址。
4. 启动Hadoop集群
在编写完Docker Compose文件之后,我们可以使用以下命令启动Hadoop集群:
```
docker-compose up -d
```
该命令会启动Hadoop集群,并在后台运行。运行完该命令后,可以使用以下命令检查容器是否已经启动:
```
docker ps
```
5. 访问Hadoop集群
启动完Hadoop集群之后,可以在浏览器中访问以下地址来查看Hadoop集群的状态:
```
http://localhost:50070/dfshealth.html
http://localhost:8088/
```
至此,完成了在Docker中搭建Hadoop集群的过程。
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