用MATLAB录制个人的训练及测试语音； 提取特征参数 MFCC；使用动态时间规整（DTW）算法计算语音模板之间的距离； 编程实现基于 DTW 的小规模孤立词语音识别系统。 设计 GUI 图形用户界面实现以上功能。要求系统界面上包括语音录制、波形显示、播放等功能 按钮，能够设置录音时长、采样频率、帧长等所需参数，并显示识别结果的代码

以下是MATLAB代码实现：

1. 录制语音并保存为wav格式文件

% 设置参数
fs = 16000; % 采样频率
nbits = 16; % 量化位数
duration = 3; % 录音时长（秒）

% 录制语音
recObj = audiorecorder(fs, nbits, 1);
disp('开始录音...');
recordblocking(recObj, duration);
disp('录音结束.');

% 获取录音数据
audioData = getaudiodata(recObj);

% 保存录音文件
filename = 'myvoice.wav';
audiowrite(filename, audioData, fs);

2. 提取MFCC特征参数

% 读取录音文件
filename = 'myvoice.wav';
[x, fs] = audioread(filename);

% 设置MFCC参数
frameLength = round(20 * 0.001 * fs); % 帧长
frameShift = round(10 * 0.001 * fs); % 帧移
numCoeffs = 13; % MFCC系数个数

% 计算MFCC参数
mfccs = melfcc(x, fs, 'wintime', frameLength/fs, 'hoptime', frameShift/fs, 'numcep', numCoeffs);

3. 使用DTW算法计算语音模板之间的距离

% 设置语音模板
template1 = melfcc(template1, fs, 'wintime', frameLength/fs, 'hoptime', frameShift/fs, 'numcep', numCoeffs);
template2 = melfcc(template2, fs, 'wintime', frameLength/fs, 'hoptime', frameShift/fs, 'numcep', numCoeffs);

% 计算距离矩阵
distMatrix = dtw(template1, template2);

% 计算DTW距离
dtwDist = distMatrix(end, end);

4. 实现基于DTW的小规模孤立词语音识别系统

% 加载训练数据
load('trainData.mat');

% 设置词汇表
vocabulary = {'hello', 'world', 'goodbye'};

% 识别测试语音
testMfcc = melfcc(testData, fs, 'wintime', frameLength/fs, 'hoptime', frameShift/fs, 'numcep', numCoeffs);
distances = zeros(1, length(vocabulary));
for i = 1:length(vocabulary)
    template = eval(vocabulary{i});
    templateMfcc = melfcc(template, fs, 'wintime', frameLength/fs, 'hoptime', frameShift/fs, 'numcep', numCoeffs);
    distMatrix = dtw(testMfcc, templateMfcc);
    distances(i) = distMatrix(end, end);
end
[minDist, index] = min(distances);
recognizedWord = vocabulary{index};
fprintf('识别结果： %s\n', recognizedWord);

5. 设计GUI图形用户界面

function varargout = speechRecognitionGUI(varargin)
% SPEECHRECOGNITIONGUI MATLAB code for speechRecognitionGUI.fig
%      SPEECHRECOGNITIONGUI, by itself, creates a new SPEECHRECOGNITIONGUI or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = SPEECHRECOGNITIONGUI returns the handle to a new SPEECHRECOGNITIONGUI or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      SPEECHRECOGNITIONGUI('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in SPEECHRECOGNITIONGUI.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      SPEECHRECOGNITIONGUI('Property','Value',...) creates a new SPEECHRECOGNITIONGUI or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before speechRecognitionGUI_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to speechRecognitionGUI_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help speechRecognitionGUI

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 03-Aug-2021 21:27:02

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
                   'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
                   'gui_OpeningFcn', @speechRecognitionGUI_OpeningFcn, ...
                   'gui_OutputFcn',  @speechRecognitionGUI_OutputFcn, ...
                   'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
                   'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
    gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end

if nargout
    [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
    gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT


% --- Executes just before speechRecognitionGUI is made visible.
function speechRecognitionGUI_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to speechRecognitionGUI (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for speechRecognitionGUI
handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes speechRecognitionGUI wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);

% 初始化参数
global fs duration
fs = 16000; % 采样频率
duration = 3; % 录音时长（秒）

% 初始化界面
set(handles.editFs, 'String', num2str(fs));
set(handles.editDuration, 'String', num2str(duration));


% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = speechRecognitionGUI_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) 
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;


% --- Executes on button press in buttonRecord.
function buttonRecord_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to buttonRecord (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% 获取参数
global fs duration
fs = str2double(get(handles.editFs, 'String'));
duration = str2double(get(handles.editDuration, 'String'));

% 录制语音
recObj = audiorecorder(fs, 16, 1);
disp('开始录音...');
recordblocking(recObj, duration);
disp('录音结束.');

% 获取录音数据
audioData = getaudiodata(recObj);

% 更新界面
set(handles.textStatus, 'String', '录音完成');
set(handles.pushbuttonPlay, 'Enable', 'on');

% 保存录音文件
filename = 'test.wav';
audiowrite(filename, audioData, fs);


% --- Executes on button press in pushbuttonPlay.
function pushbuttonPlay_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbuttonPlay (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% 播放录音
filename = 'test.wav';
[x, fs] = audioread(filename);
sound(x, fs);


% --- Executes on button press in pushbuttonRecognize.
function pushbuttonRecognize_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbuttonRecognize (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% 读取训练数据
load('trainData.mat');

% 获取测试数据
filename = 'test.wav';
[testData, fs] = audioread(filename);

% 设置MFCC参数
frameLength = round(20 * 0.001 * fs); % 帧长
frameShift = round(10 * 0.001 * fs); % 帧移
numCoeffs = 13; % MFCC系数个数

% 提取MFCC特征参数
testMfcc = melfcc(testData, fs, 'wintime', frameLength/fs, 'hoptime', frameShift/fs, 'numcep', numCoeffs);

% 设置词汇表
vocabulary = {'hello', 'world', 'goodbye'};

% 识别测试语音
distances = zeros(1, length(vocabulary));
for i = 1:length(vocabulary)
    template = eval(vocabulary{i});
    templateMfcc = melfcc(template, fs, 'wintime', frameLength/fs, 'hoptime', frameShift/fs, 'numcep', numCoeffs);
    distMatrix = dtw(testMfcc, templateMfcc);
    distances(i) = distMatrix(end, end);
end
[minDist, index] = min(distances);
recognizedWord = vocabulary{index};
set(handles.textResult, 'String', recognizedWord);


function editFs_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to editFs (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of editFs as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of editFs as a double


% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function editFs_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to editFs (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end


function editDuration_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to editDuration (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of editDuration as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of editDuration as a double


% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function editDuration_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to editDuration (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end


% --- Executes on button press in pushbuttonExit.
function pushbuttonExit_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbuttonExit (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% 关闭窗口
close(handles.figure1);