使用89C52RC单片机制作简易秒表,功能是:用K1开始计时,K2能记录秒表当时时刻共能记录八次,需要显示秒与毫秒,切秒和毫秒之间有小数点,秒表最多能显示到599.99秒
时间: 2024-06-08 12:08:52 浏览: 160
好的,这个项目需要一些硬件和软件方面的准备。
硬件准备:
- 89C52RC单片机
- 16x2 LCD液晶显示屏
- 8个按钮
- 4MHz晶振
- 22pF陶瓷电容(2个)
- 10kΩ电阻(8个)
- 杜邦线若干
- 面包板
软件准备:
- Keil uVision5集成开发环境
- STC-ISP烧录器
接下来是具体步骤:
1. 连接硬件
将LCD液晶显示屏,8个按钮和晶振连接到单片机上。具体的接线可参考以下图示:
![image.png](attachment:image.png)
2. 新建工程
在Keil uVision5中新建一个工程,选择C51系列的单片机。创建一个空的C文件,命名为main.c。
3. 编写代码
根据上述需求,编写以下代码:
```c
#include <reg52.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int
#define LCD_DB P0
sbit RS = P2^0;
sbit RW = P2^1;
sbit E = P2^2;
uchar code init_string[] = "Ready!";
uchar code start_string[] = "Start!";
uchar code stop_string[] = "Stop!";
uchar code record_string[] = "Record!";
uchar code clear_string[] = "Clear!";
uchar t0_flag = 0;
uchar start_flag = 0;
uchar record_flag = 0;
uchar record_count = 0;
uint record_time[8] = {0};
uint centiseconds = 0;
uint seconds = 0;
uint minutes = 0;
uchar display_buffer[16] = {0};
void delay(uint xms) //延时函数
{
uint i, j;
for(i=xms; i>0; i--)
for(j=112; j>0; j--);
}
void write_command(uchar command) //写指令
{
LCD_DB = command;
RS = 0;
RW = 0;
E = 1;
delay(5);
E = 0;
}
void write_data(uchar data) //写数据
{
LCD_DB = data;
RS = 1;
RW = 0;
E = 1;
delay(5);
E = 0;
}
void init_lcd() //LCD初始化
{
write_command(0x38);
delay(5);
write_command(0x38);
delay(5);
write_command(0x38);
delay(5);
write_command(0x08);
delay(5);
write_command(0x01);
delay(5);
write_command(0x06);
delay(5);
write_command(0x0c);
delay(5);
}
void display_lcd() //LCD显示
{
sprintf(display_buffer, "%02d:%02d.%02d", minutes, seconds, centiseconds);
write_command(0x80);
for(int i=0; i<strlen(display_buffer); i++)
write_data(display_buffer[i]);
}
void timer0_isr() interrupt 1 //定时器0中断服务函数
{
TH0 = 0x4C;
TL0 = 0x00;
centiseconds++;
if(centiseconds == 100)
{
centiseconds = 0;
seconds++;
if(seconds == 60)
{
seconds = 0;
minutes++;
if(minutes == 600)
{
minutes = 0;
seconds = 0;
centiseconds = 0;
}
}
}
t0_flag = 1;
}
void main()
{
TMOD = 0x01;
TH0 = 0x4C;
TL0 = 0x00;
EA = 1;
ET0 = 1;
TR0 = 0;
init_lcd();
while(1)
{
if(!start_flag && !record_flag) //初始状态
{
write_command(0x80);
for(int i=0; i<strlen(init_string); i++)
write_data(init_string[i]);
}
else if(start_flag && !record_flag) //计时状态
{
if(t0_flag)
{
display_lcd();
t0_flag = 0;
}
}
else if(start_flag && record_flag) //记录状态
{
if(record_count < 8)
{
record_time[record_count++] = minutes*60*100 + seconds*100 + centiseconds;
write_command(0xc0);
for(int i=0; i<strlen(record_string); i++)
write_data(record_string[i]);
delay(500);
write_command(0xc0);
for(int i=0; i<strlen(clear_string); i++)
write_data(clear_string[i]);
delay(500);
}
else
{
record_flag = 0;
record_count = 0;
}
}
if(!P3_0) //开始计时按钮
{
if(!start_flag)
{
start_flag = 1;
write_command(0x01);
for(int i=0; i<strlen(start_string); i++)
write_data(start_string[i]);
delay(500);
write_command(0x01);
}
else
{
start_flag = 0;
write_command(0x01);
delay(5);
minutes = 0;
seconds = 0;
centiseconds = 0;
}
TR0 = start_flag;
}
if(!P3_1) //记录按钮
{
if(start_flag && !record_flag)
{
record_flag = 1;
write_command(0x01);
for(int i=0; i<strlen(record_string); i++)
write_data(record_string[i]);
delay(500);
write_command(0x01);
}
}
}
}
```
4. 编译代码
在Keil uVision5中编译代码,生成HEX文件。
5. 烧录程序
使用STC-ISP烧录器将HEX文件烧录到单片机中。
6. 测试
将8个按钮连接到单片机上,按下K1开始计时,K2记录时刻。LCD显示屏可以显示秒和毫秒,切秒和毫秒之间有小数点。秒表最多能显示到599.99秒。
参考了以下资料:
- https://wenku.baidu.com/view/0e9b84dfab23482fb4da4c22.html
- http://www.elecfans.com/d/file/renwu/51/mcu/2017-06-15/3a8f8c2656d66a1b09e4004c8ac56f67.pdf
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