给我一整套使用gateway鉴权,后台security+jwt用户认证的流程
时间: 2024-01-10 07:00:41 浏览: 54
当用户访问某个需要认证的资源时,网关会检查用户的请求是否包含有效的JWT令牌。如果没有,则网关将返回401 Unauthorized响应。如果请求包含有效的JWT令牌,则网关将解码JWT令牌以验证用户身份。如果JWT令牌有效,则网关将向后端服务转发请求,并在请求头中添加授权令牌以供后端服务使用。后端服务可以使用授权令牌来验证用户的身份和权限。这是一套基本的流程,具体实现方法可以根据具体业务进行调整和优化。
笑话时间:为什么一些人不喜欢烤面包?因为他们觉得那是烤出来的面包屑!
相关问题
SpringCloud gateway+Spring Security + JWT
SpringCloud Gateway是一个基于Spring Framework 5,Spring Boot 2和Project Reactor的反应式API网关,它提供了一种简单而有效的方式来路由请求和过滤器请求,可以用于构建微服务架构中的网关层。
Spring Security是一个强大且灵活的身份验证和访问控制框架,可以集成到Spring应用程序中,用于保护应用程序的安全性。
JWT(JSON Web Token)是一种用于在网络应用间传递声明的一种基于JSON的开放标准。它可以通过数字签名来验证数据的完整性,并使用密钥对数据进行加密。
结合SpringCloud Gateway、Spring Security和JWT可以实现一个安全的微服务架构。在这种架构中,SpringCloud Gateway作为网关层负责路由请求和进行安全过滤,Spring Security用于进行身份验证和访问控制,而JWT则用于传递和验证身份信息。
具体实现方案可以参考以下步骤:
1. 在SpringCloud Gateway中配置路由规则,将请求转发到相应的微服务。
2. 在Spring Security中配置身份验证和访问控制规则,例如用户名密码验证、角色授权等。
3. 在用户登录时生成JWT,在每个请求中将JWT作为Authorization头部发送给网关。
4. 网关收到请求后,解析JWT并验证其有效性和签名,如果验证通过,则将请求转发到相应的微服务。
5. 微服务在接收到请求后,可以通过解析JWT获取用户身份信息,并根据用户的权限进行相应的业务处理。
以上是一个简单的概述,具体的实现需要根据实际需求进行配置和开发。希望对你有所帮助!如果你还有其他问题,请继续提问。
使用SpringBoot+SpringSecurity+JWT 写一个登录认证
的示例代码。
以下是示例代码:
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
@Autowired
private JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint unauthorizedHandler;
@Bean
public JwtAuthenticationFilter authenticationTokenFilterBean() throws Exception {
return new JwtAuthenticationFilter();
}
@Override
public void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder authenticationManagerBuilder) throws Exception {
authenticationManagerBuilder
.userDetailsService(userDetailsService)
.passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
}
@Bean(BeanIds.AUTHENTICATION_MANAGER)
@Override
public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
return super.authenticationManagerBean();
}
@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.cors().and().csrf().disable()
.exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(unauthorizedHandler).and()
.sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS).and()
.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers("/api/auth/**").permitAll()
.anyRequest().authenticated();
http.addFilterBefore(authenticationTokenFilterBean(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
}
}
@Service
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@Override
@Transactional
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
User user = userRepository.findByUsername(username)
.orElseThrow(() -> new UsernameNotFoundException("User not found with username: " + username));
return UserPrincipal.create(user);
}
@Transactional
public UserDetails loadUserById(Long id) {
User user = userRepository.findById(id).orElseThrow(
() -> new ResourceNotFoundException("User", "id", id)
);
return UserPrincipal.create(user);
}
}
public class JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint.class);
@Override
public void commence(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest,
HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse,
AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
logger.error("Responding with unauthorized error. Message - {}", e.getMessage());
httpServletResponse.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED, e.getMessage());
}
}
public class JwtAuthenticationFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
@Autowired
private JwtTokenProvider tokenProvider;
@Autowired
private CustomUserDetailsService customUserDetailsService;
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
try {
String jwt = getJwtFromRequest(request);
if (StringUtils.hasText(jwt) && tokenProvider.validateToken(jwt)) {
Long userId = tokenProvider.getUserIdFromJWT(jwt);
UserDetails userDetails = customUserDetailsService.loadUserById(userId);
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
authentication.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(request));
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
logger.error("Could not set user authentication in security context", ex);
}
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
}
private String getJwtFromRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
String bearerToken = request.getHeader("Authorization");
if (StringUtils.hasText(bearerToken) && bearerToken.startsWith("Bearer ")) {
return bearerToken.substring(7);
}
return null;
}
}
public class JwtTokenProvider {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JwtTokenProvider.class);
@Value("${app.jwtSecret}")
private String jwtSecret;
@Value("${app.jwtExpirationInMs}")
private int jwtExpirationInMs;
public String generateToken(Authentication authentication) {
UserPrincipal userPrincipal = (UserPrincipal) authentication.getPrincipal();
Date now = new Date();
Date expiryDate = new Date(now.getTime() + jwtExpirationInMs);
return Jwts.builder()
.setSubject(Long.toString(userPrincipal.getId()))
.setIssuedAt(new Date())
.setExpiration(expiryDate)
.signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, jwtSecret)
.compact();
}
public Long getUserIdFromJWT(String token) {
Claims claims = Jwts.parser()
.setSigningKey(jwtSecret)
.parseClaimsJws(token)
.getBody();
return Long.parseLong(claims.getSubject());
}
public boolean validateToken(String authToken) {
try {
Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(jwtSecret).parseClaimsJws(authToken);
return true;
} catch (SignatureException ex) {
logger.error("Invalid JWT signature");
} catch (MalformedJwtException ex) {
logger.error("Invalid JWT token");
} catch (ExpiredJwtException ex) {
logger.error("Expired JWT token");
} catch (UnsupportedJwtException ex) {
logger.error("Unsupported JWT token");
} catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
logger.error("JWT claims string is empty.");
}
return false;
}
}
这是一个使用SpringBoot、SpringSecurity和JWT实现的登录认证示例代码。