javawebmvc项目完整案例
时间: 2023-07-08 09:03:55 浏览: 59
这里给出一个简单的JavaWebMVC项目案例:
1. 创建项目和目录结构
在IDE中创建一个动态Web项目,选择MVC框架。然后在项目中创建以下目录结构:
```
src/main/java
├── com.example.controller
│ ├── HomeController.java
│ └── UserController.java
├── com.example.model
│ └── User.java
└── com.example.view
├── home.jsp
└── user.jsp
src/main/webapp
├── WEB-INF
│ ├── web.xml
│ └── mvc-config.xml
├── home.jsp
└── user.jsp
```
2. 定义模型
在com.example.model包中创建一个User类来定义数据模型:
```java
package com.example.model;
public class User {
private String name;
private String email;
public User() {}
public User(String name, String email) {
this.name = name;
this.email = email;
}
// Getters and setters
}
```
3. 定义控制器
在com.example.controller包中创建两个控制器HomeController和UserController。
HomeController.java:
```java
package com.example.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class HomeController {
@RequestMapping("/home")
public ModelAndView home() {
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("home");
mv.addObject("message", "Welcome to the home page!");
return mv;
}
}
```
UserController.java:
```java
package com.example.controller;
import com.example.model.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/user")
public ModelAndView user() {
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("user");
return mv;
}
@RequestMapping("/addUser")
public String addUser(@ModelAttribute("user") User user, Model model) {
model.addAttribute("user", user);
return "user";
}
}
```
4. 定义视图
在com.example.view包中创建home.jsp和user.jsp两个视图文件。
home.jsp:
```jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Home Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>${message}</h1>
</body>
</html>
```
user.jsp:
```jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>User Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>User Info</h1>
<form method="post" action="addUser">
Name: <input type="text" name="name"/><br/><br/>
Email: <input type="text" name="email"/><br/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
```
5. 配置Spring MVC
在src/main/webapp/WEB-INF目录下创建mvc-config.xml文件,用于配置Spring MVC框架:
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="home"/>
</beans>
```
6. 配置web.xml
在src/main/webapp/WEB-INF目录下创建web.xml文件,用于配置应用程序的Servlet和Spring MVC框架:
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.1"
xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd">
<display-name>Java Web MVC Example</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/mvc-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
```
7. 运行应用程序
通过IDE或命令行启动Tomcat服务器,并在浏览器中输入http://localhost:8080/JavaWebMVCExample/user来访问用户页面。