运用c++设计一个简单的的学籍管理系统，是先出最基本的功能。功能要求：1.设计一个学生类Student，包括学号，姓名，宿舍，电话。2.设计一个学生成绩类Score，包括学号，课程名称，分值。3.添加、删除、修改学生信息功能。对重复录入进行检查。4.添加、删除、修改学成成绩功能。对重复录入进行检查。5.根据学生学号，查询该学生信息，以及成绩情况。6.使用外部文件存储通讯录信息。

好的，下面是一个简单的 C++ 学籍管理系统实现：

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

// 定义学生类
class Student {
public:
    Student(string student_id, string name, string dormitory, string phone) {
        this->student_id = student_id;
        this->name = name;
        this->dormitory = dormitory;
        this->phone = phone;
    }

    string get_student_id() const {
        return student_id;
    }

    string get_name() const {
        return name;
    }

    string get_dormitory() const {
        return dormitory;
    }

    string get_phone() const {
        return phone;
    }

    void set_name(string name) {
        this->name = name;
    }

    void set_dormitory(string dormitory) {
        this->dormitory = dormitory;
    }

    void set_phone(string phone) {
        this->phone = phone;
    }

private:
    string student_id;
    string name;
    string dormitory;
    string phone;
};

// 定义学生成绩类
class Score {
public:
    Score(string student_id, string course_name, int score) {
        this->student_id = student_id;
        this->course_name = course_name;
        this->score = score;
    }

    string get_student_id() const {
        return student_id;
    }

    string get_course_name() const {
        return course_name;
    }

    int get_score() const {
        return score;
    }

    void set_course_name(string course_name) {
        this->course_name = course_name;
    }

    void set_score(int score) {
        this->score = score;
    }

private:
    string student_id;
    string course_name;
    int score;
};

// 定义通讯录类
class AddressBook {
public:
    AddressBook(const string& file_path) {
        this->file_path = file_path;
        load_data();
    }

    void add_student(const Student& student) {
        if (find_student(student.get_student_id()) != students.end()) {
            cout << "学生已存在" << endl;
            return;
        }
        students.push_back(student);
        save_data();
    }

    void delete_student(const string& student_id) {
        auto it = find_student(student_id);
        if (it == students.end()) {
            cout << "学生不存在" << endl;
            return;
        }
        students.erase(it);
        save_data();
    }

    void modify_student(const string& student_id, const Student& student) {
        auto it = find_student(student_id);
        if (it == students.end()) {
            cout << "学生不存在" << endl;
            return;
        }
        if (find_student(student.get_student_id()) != students.end() && student.get_student_id() != student_id) {
            cout << "学号重复" << endl;
            return;
        }
        it->set_name(student.get_name());
        it->set_dormitory(student.get_dormitory());
        it->set_phone(student.get_phone());
        save_data();
    }

    void add_score(const Score& score) {
        if (find_score(score.get_student_id(), score.get_course_name()) != scores.end()) {
            cout << "成绩已存在" << endl;
            return;
        }
        scores.push_back(score);
        save_data();
    }

    void delete_score(const string& student_id, const string& course_name) {
        auto it = find_score(student_id, course_name);
        if (it == scores.end()) {
            cout << "成绩不存在" << endl;
            return;
        }
        scores.erase(it);
        save_data();
    }

    void modify_score(const string& student_id, const string& course_name, const Score& score) {
        auto it = find_score(student_id, course_name);
        if (it == scores.end()) {
            cout << "成绩不存在" << endl;
            return;
        }
        if (find_score(score.get_student_id(), score.get_course_name()) != scores.end() && score.get_student_id() != student_id && score.get_course_name() != course_name) {
            cout << "成绩重复" << endl;
            return;
        }
        it->set_course_name(score.get_course_name());
        it->set_score(score.get_score());
        save_data();
    }

    void search_student(const string& student_id) {
        auto it = find_student(student_id);
        if (it == students.end()) {
            cout << "学生不存在" << endl;
            return;
        }
        cout << "学号：" << it->get_student_id() << endl;
        cout << "姓名：" << it->get_name() << endl;
        cout << "宿舍：" << it->get_dormitory() << endl;
        cout << "电话：" << it->get_phone() << endl;
        auto score_list = find_scores_by_student_id(student_id);
        if (score_list.empty()) {
            cout << "暂无成绩" << endl;
        } else {
            cout << "成绩：" << endl;
            for (const auto& score : score_list) {
                cout << score.get_course_name() << "：" << score.get_score() << endl;
            }
        }
    }

private:
    string file_path;
    vector<Student> students;
    vector<Score> scores;

    void load_data() {
        ifstream fin(file_path);
        if (!fin.is_open()) {
            return;
        }
        int student_count, score_count;
        fin >> student_count >> score_count;
        for (int i = 0; i < student_count; i++) {
            string student_id, name, dormitory, phone;
            fin >> student_id >> name >> dormitory >> phone;
            students.emplace_back(student_id, name, dormitory, phone);
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < score_count; i++) {
            string student_id, course_name;
            int score;
            fin >> student_id >> course_name >> score;
            scores.emplace_back(student_id, course_name, score);
        }
        fin.close();
    }

    void save_data() {
        ofstream fout(file_path);
        if (!fout.is_open()) {
            return;
        }
        fout << students.size() << " " << scores.size() << endl;
        for (const auto& student : students) {
            fout << student.get_student_id() << " " << student.get_name() << " " << student.get_dormitory() << " " << student.get_phone() << endl;
        }
        for (const auto& score : scores) {
            fout << score.get_student_id() << " " << score.get_course_name() << " " << score.get_score() << endl;
        }
        fout.close();
    }

    vector<Student>::iterator find_student(const string& student_id) {
        return find_if(students.begin(), students.end(), [student_id](const Student& student) {
            return student.get_student_id() == student_id;
        });
    }

    vector<Score>::iterator find_score(const string& student_id, const string& course_name) {
        return find_if(scores.begin(), scores.end(), [student_id, course_name](const Score& score) {
            return score.get_student_id() == student_id && score.get_course_name() == course_name;
        });
    }

    vector<Score> find_scores_by_student_id(const string& student_id) {
        vector<Score> score_list;
        for (const auto& score : scores) {
            if (score.get_student_id() == student_id) {
                score_list.push_back(score);
            }
        }
        return score_list;
    }
};

int main() {
    AddressBook address_book("data.txt");

    while (true) {
        cout << "请选择操作：" << endl;
        cout << "1. 添加学生" << endl;
        cout << "2. 删除学生" << endl;
        cout << "3. 修改学生信息" << endl;
        cout << "4. 添加成绩" << endl;
        cout << "5. 删除成绩" << endl;
        cout << "6. 修改成绩" << endl;
        cout << "7. 查询学生信息及成绩" << endl;
        cout << "8. 退出程序" << endl;
        int choice;
        cin >> choice;
        if (choice == 1) {
            string student_id, name, dormitory, phone;
            cout << "请输入学生学号：" << endl;
            cin >> student_id;
            cout << "请输入学生姓名：" << endl;
            cin >> name;
            cout << "请输入学生宿舍：" << endl;
            cin >> dormitory;
            cout << "请输入学生电话：" << endl;
            cin >> phone;
            address_book.add_student(Student(student_id, name, dormitory, phone));
        } else if (choice == 2) {
            string student_id;
            cout << "请输入学生学号：" << endl;
            cin >> student_id;
            address_book.delete_student(student_id);
        } else if (choice == 3) {
            string student_id, name, dormitory, phone;
            cout << "请输入学生学号：" << endl;
            cin >> student_id;
            cout << "请输入学生姓名：" << endl;
            cin >> name;
            cout << "请输入学生宿舍：" << endl;
            cin >> dormitory;
            cout << "请输入学生电话：" << endl;
            cin >> phone;
            address_book.modify_student(student_id, Student(student_id, name, dormitory, phone));
        } else if (choice == 4) {
            string student_id, course_name;
            int score;
            cout << "请输入学生学号：" << endl;
            cin >> student_id;
            cout << "请输入课程名称：" << endl;
            cin >> course_name;
            cout << "请输入分值：" << endl;
            cin >> score;
            address_book.add_score(Score(student_id, course_name, score));
        } else if (choice == 5) {
            string student_id, course_name;
            cout << "请输入学生学号：" << endl;
            cin >> student_id;
            cout << "请输入课程名称：" << endl;
            cin >> course_name;
            address_book.delete_score(student_id, course_name);
        } else if (choice == 6) {
            string student_id, course_name;
            int score;
            cout << "请输入学生学号：" << endl;
            cin >> student_id;
            cout << "请输入课程名称：" << endl;
            cin >> course_name;
            cout << "请输入分值：" << endl;
            cin >> score;
            address_book.modify_score(student_id, course_name, Score(student_id, course_name, score));
        } else if (choice == 7) {
            string student_id;
            cout << "请输入学生学号：" << endl;
            cin >> student_id;
            address_book.search_student(student_id);
        } else if (choice == 8) {
            break;
        }
        cout << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

上面的代码中，我们定义了一个 `Student` 类，包含学号、姓名、宿舍和电话四个属性；定义了一个 `Score` 类，包含学号、课程名称和分值三个属性；定义了一个 `AddressBook` 类，用于管理学生和成绩信息。在 `AddressBook` 类中，我们使用了 STL 中的 `vector` 来存储学生和成绩信息，并使用了 `ifstream` 和 `ofstream` 来读取和写入文件。同时，在添加、删除、修改学生和成绩信息时，我们对重复录入进行了检查；在查询学生信息及成绩时，我们通过遍历成绩列表，找到对应学生的成绩信息。

在 `main` 函数中，我们使用一个无限循环来接收用户输入的操作，根据用户的选择调用 `AddressBook` 类中的不同方法。