设计矩阵类Matrix，实现矩阵的加减法运算以及equals()方法和toString()方法。以及提供输入输出

Matrix类的代码：

public class Matrix {
    private int rows;
    private int cols;
    private int[][] data;

    public Matrix(int rows, int cols) {
        this.rows = rows;
        this.cols = cols;
        data = new int[rows][cols];
    }

    public int getRows() {
        return rows;
    }

    public int getCols() {
        return cols;
    }

    public int getData(int row, int col) {
        return data[row][col];
    }

    public void setData(int row, int col, int value) {
        data[row][col] = value;
    }

    public Matrix add(Matrix other) {
        if (this.rows != other.rows || this.cols != other.cols) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("两个矩阵的行列数不相等！");
        }
        Matrix result = new Matrix(rows, cols);
        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
                result.setData(i, j, this.data[i][j] + other.data[i][j]);
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    public Matrix subtract(Matrix other) {
        if (this.rows != other.rows || this.cols != other.cols) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("两个矩阵的行列数不相等！");
        }
        Matrix result = new Matrix(rows, cols);
        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
                result.setData(i, j, this.data[i][j] - other.data[i][j]);
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    public boolean equals(Matrix other) {
        if (this.rows != other.rows || this.cols != other.cols) {
            return false;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
                if (this.data[i][j] != other.data[i][j]) {
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
                sb.append(data[i][j]).append(" ");
            }
            sb.append("\n");
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    public static Matrix fromInput() {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.print("请输入矩阵的行数：");
        int rows = scanner.nextInt();
        System.out.print("请输入矩阵的列数：");
        int cols = scanner.nextInt();
        Matrix matrix = new Matrix(rows, cols);
        System.out.println("请按行输入矩阵数据，每个数据之间用空格隔开：");
        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
                matrix.setData(i, j, scanner.nextInt());
            }
        }
        return matrix;
    }

    public void print() {
        System.out.println(this);
    }
}

使用示例：

public class MatrixTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Matrix a = Matrix.fromInput();
        Matrix b = Matrix.fromInput();
        System.out.println("矩阵 a：");
        a.print();
        System.out.println("矩阵 b：");
        b.print();
        Matrix c = a.add(b);
        System.out.println("矩阵 a + b：");
        c.print();
        Matrix d = a.subtract(b);
        System.out.println("矩阵 a - b：");
        d.print();
        System.out.println("a 是否等于 b：" + a.equals(b));
    }
}

使用说明：

1. 通过`Matrix.fromInput()`方法从控制台输入矩阵数据；
2. 通过`Matrix.print()`方法输出矩阵；
3. 通过`Matrix.add()`方法计算矩阵的加法；
4. 通过`Matrix.subtract()`方法计算矩阵的减法；
5. 通过`Matrix.equals()`方法判断两个矩阵是否相等。