用c sharp 写出蚁群算法

以下是一份使用C#实现的蚁群算法代码，实现了TSP（旅行商问题）的求解：

using System;

namespace AntColonyOptimization
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int cityCount = 10; // 城市数目
            int antCount = 10; // 蚂蚁数目
            double alpha = 1; // alpha参数
            double beta = 2; // beta参数
            double rho = 0.5; // 信息素挥发速度
            double Q = 100; // 信息素强度
            int maxIter = 100; // 最大迭代次数

            // 城市距离矩阵
            double[,] distMatrix = new double[cityCount, cityCount]
            {
                { 0, 30, 84, 56, 70, 63, 42, 58, 83, 12 },
                { 30, 0, 54, 84, 53, 37, 82, 45, 62, 42 },
                { 84, 54, 0, 43, 96, 77, 12, 69, 38, 93 },
                { 56, 84, 43, 0, 44, 65, 57, 78, 72, 37 },
                { 70, 53, 96, 44, 0, 53, 69, 42, 21, 76 },
                { 63, 37, 77, 65, 53, 0, 57, 54, 88, 24 },
                { 42, 82, 12, 57, 69, 57, 0, 21, 45, 78 },
                { 58, 45, 69, 78, 42, 54, 21, 0, 68, 32 },
                { 83, 62, 38, 72, 21, 88, 45, 68, 0, 56 },
                { 12, 42, 93, 37, 76, 24, 78, 32, 56, 0 }
            };

            // 初始化信息素矩阵
            double[,] pheromoneMatrix = new double[cityCount, cityCount];
            for (int i = 0; i < cityCount; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < cityCount; j++)
                {
                    pheromoneMatrix[i, j] = 1;
                }
            }

            // 迭代
            int iter = 0;
            Random random = new Random();
            while (iter < maxIter)
            {
                // 初始化蚂蚁
                Ant[] ants = new Ant[antCount];
                for (int i = 0; i < antCount; i++)
                {
                    ants[i] = new Ant(cityCount);
                }

                // 蚂蚁搜索路径
                for (int i = 0; i < antCount; i++)
                {
                    for (int j = 0; j < cityCount - 1; j++)
                    {
                        int currCity = ants[i].tour[j];
                        int nextCity = ants[i].nextCity(currCity, pheromoneMatrix, distMatrix, alpha, beta, random);
                        ants[i].tour[j + 1] = nextCity;
                    }
                }

                // 更新信息素
                for (int i = 0; i < cityCount; i++)
                {
                    for (int j = 0; j < cityCount; j++)
                    {
                        double deltaPheromone = 0;
                        for (int k = 0; k < antCount; k++)
                        {
                            if (ants[k].isVisited(i, j))
                            {
                                deltaPheromone += Q / distMatrix[i, j];
                            }
                        }
                        pheromoneMatrix[i, j] = (1 - rho) * pheromoneMatrix[i, j] + deltaPheromone;
                    }
                }

                // 寻找最优解
                int[] bestTour = ants[0].tour;
                double bestDistance = ants[0].tourLength(distMatrix);
                for (int i = 1; i < antCount; i++)
                {
                    double distance = ants[i].tourLength(distMatrix);
                    if (distance < bestDistance)
                    {
                        bestTour = ants[i].tour;
                        bestDistance = distance;
                    }
                }

                // 输出当前迭代的最优解
                Console.WriteLine("Iter: " + iter + "\tBest Distance: " + bestDistance);
                iter++;
            }

            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }

    class Ant
    {
        public int[] tour; // 当前蚂蚁的路径
        public bool[] visited; // 当前蚂蚁是否访问过城市
        public int visitedCount; // 当前蚂蚁已访问城市数目

        public Ant(int cityCount)
        {
            tour = new int[cityCount];
            visited = new bool[cityCount];
            visitedCount = 0;
            int startCity = new Random().Next(cityCount); // 随机选择一个起始城市
            tour[0] = startCity;
            visited[startCity] = true;
            visitedCount++;
        }

        // 计算下一个城市
        public int nextCity(int currCity, double[,] pheromoneMatrix, double[,] distMatrix, double alpha, double beta, Random random)
        {
            double[] probabilities = new double[visited.Length];
            double sum = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < visited.Length; i++)
            {
                if (!visited[i])
                {
                    probabilities[i] = Math.Pow(pheromoneMatrix[currCity, i], alpha) * Math.Pow(1.0 / distMatrix[currCity, i], beta);
                    sum += probabilities[i];
                }
            }

            double r = random.NextDouble() * sum;
            double tempSum = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < visited.Length; i++)
            {
                if (!visited[i])
                {
                    tempSum += probabilities[i];
                    if (tempSum >= r)
                    {
                        visited[i] = true;
                        visitedCount++;
                        tour[visitedCount - 1] = i;
                        return i;
                    }
                }
            }

            // 如果所有城市都已经访问过，则返回起始城市
            for (int i = 0; i < visited.Length; i++)
            {
                if (!visited[i])
                {
                    visited[i] = true;
                    visitedCount++;
                    tour[visitedCount - 1] = i;
                    return i;
                }
            }

            return -1;
        }

        // 判断两个城市是否被访问过
        public bool isVisited(int city1, int city2)
        {
            int index1 = Array.IndexOf(tour, city1);
            int index2 = Array.IndexOf(tour, city2);
            return Math.Abs(index1 - index2) == 1 || Math.Abs(index1 - index2) == tour.Length - 1;
        }

        // 计算路径长度
        public double tourLength(double[,] distMatrix)
        {
            double length = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < tour.Length - 1; i++)
            {
                length += distMatrix[tour[i], tour[i + 1]];
            }
            length += distMatrix[tour[tour.Length - 1], tour[0]];
            return length;
        }
    }
}