python 下载功能
时间: 2024-09-21 16:08:53 浏览: 25
在Python中下载文件通常使用内置的`urllib`, `requests`, 或第三方库如`wget`、`beautifulsoup4`等来实现。这里简单介绍一下几种常见的方法:
1. **使用`urllib`库**:
```python
import urllib.request
url = "http://example.com/file.zip"
filename = "file.zip" # 下载保存的文件名
response = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
f.write(response.read())
```
2. **使用`requests`库**(更便于处理响应头和错误处理):
```python
import requests
url = "http://example.com/file.zip"
response = requests.get(url)
with open("file.zip", 'wb') as f:
f.write(response.content)
```
3. **使用第三方库`wget`**(如果需要下载整个网页或需要模拟浏览器行为):
```bash
!pip install wget
import wget
wget.download("http://example.com/file.zip")
```
4. **`bs4`库主要用于解析HTML,但也可以配合其他库下载文件**:
```python
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
# 示例:从HTML页面找到下载链接
html_content = requests.get("http://example.com").text
soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, 'lxml')
download_link = soup.find('a', {'href': lambda x: x and 'file.zip' in x})['href']
with open("file.zip", 'wb') as f:
f.write(requests.get(download_link).content)
```
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