用sphere函数产生球表面坐标，绘制不透明网线图、透明网线图、表面图和带剪孔的表面图。

以下是使用Python和matplotlib库实现的代码：

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.art3d import Poly3DCollection

# 生成球面坐标
def sphere(n_phi, n_theta, r=1):
    phi = np.linspace(0, np.pi, num=n_phi)
    theta = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, num=n_theta)
    phi, theta = np.meshgrid(phi, theta)
    x = r * np.sin(phi) * np.cos(theta)
    y = r * np.sin(phi) * np.sin(theta)
    z = r * np.cos(phi)
    return x, y, z

# 不透明网线图
def plot_wireframe(x, y, z):
    fig = plt.figure()
    ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
    ax.plot_wireframe(x, y, z)
    ax.set_box_aspect([1,1,1])
    plt.show()

# 透明网线图
def plot_transparent_wireframe(x, y, z):
    fig = plt.figure()
    ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
    ax.plot_wireframe(x, y, z, alpha=0.5)
    ax.set_box_aspect([1,1,1])
    plt.show()

# 表面图
def plot_surface(x, y, z):
    fig = plt.figure()
    ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
    ax.plot_surface(x, y, z, cmap='viridis')
    ax.set_box_aspect([1,1,1])
    plt.show()

# 带剪孔的表面图
def plot_surface_with_hole(x, y, z):
    fig = plt.figure()
    ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
    verts = [list(zip(x[i], y[i], z[i])) for i in range(len(x))]
    poly = Poly3DCollection(verts, alpha=0.8)
    poly.set_facecolor('gray')
    ax.add_collection3d(poly)
    ax.set_box_aspect([1,1,1])
    plt.show()

# 生成球面坐标
x, y, z = sphere(50, 50)

# 绘制不透明网线图
plot_wireframe(x, y, z)

# 绘制透明网线图
plot_transparent_wireframe(x, y, z)

# 绘制表面图
plot_surface(x, y, z)

# 绘制带剪孔的表面图
# 生成球体内的随机点
np.random.seed(123)
n_points = 1000
theta = np.random.uniform(0, 2*np.pi, n_points)
phi = np.random.uniform(0, np.pi, n_points)
r = np.random.uniform(0.5, 1, n_points)
x_hole = r * np.sin(phi) * np.cos(theta)
y_hole = r * np.sin(phi) * np.sin(theta)
z_hole = r * np.cos(phi)
# 将球体内的点删除
d = np.sqrt((x[np.newaxis,:,:]-x_hole[:,np.newaxis,np.newaxis])**2 + \
            (y[np.newaxis,:,:]-y_hole[:,np.newaxis,np.newaxis])**2 + \
            (z[np.newaxis,:,:]-z_hole[:,np.newaxis,np.newaxis])**2)
mask = np.max(d, axis=0) >= np.min(r)*0.9
x = x[mask]
y = y[mask]
z = z[mask]
# 绘制带剪孔的表面图
plot_surface_with_hole(x, y, z)

运行代码后，将会依次显示不透明网线图、透明网线图、表面图和带剪孔的表面图。您可以根据需要对代码进行修改。