fifo算法代码verilog

### FIFO Algorithm Implementation in Verilog

Below is an example of how a simple First-In-First-Out (FIFO) buffer can be implemented using Verilog:

module fifo #(
    parameter DEPTH = 8,
    parameter WIDTH = 32
)(
    input wire clk,
    input wire rst_n,

    // Write port
    input wire wr_en,
    input wire [WIDTH-1:0] din,

    // Read port
    input wire rd_en,
    output reg [WIDTH-1:0] dout,

    // Status signals
    output wire full,
    output wire empty
);

reg [DEPTH-1:0][WIDTH-1:0] mem;
reg [$clog2(DEPTH):0] wr_ptr, rd_ptr;

// Full flag generation
wire almost_full = (wr_ptr >= DEPTH - 1);
assign full = almost_full & ~empty;

// Empty flag generation
wire almost_empty = (rd_ptr == wr_ptr);
assign empty = almost_empty;

always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
    if (!rst_n) begin
        wr_ptr <= 0;
        rd_ptr <= 0;
    end else begin
        if (wr_en && !full)
            wr_ptr <= wr_ptr + 1'b1;
        
        if (rd_en && !empty)
            rd_ptr <= rd_ptr + 1'b1;
    end
end

// Memory write operation
always @(posedge clk) begin
    if (wr_en && !full)
        mem[wr_ptr] <= din;
end

// Memory read operation with delayed output register
always @(posedge clk) begin
    if (rd_en && !empty)
        dout <= mem[rd_ptr];
end

endmodule

This module defines a generic FIFO structure that supports configurable depth and width parameters. The core functionality includes writing data into memory when `wr_en` is asserted and reading out stored values through `dout`. Control logic ensures proper handling of overflow conditions by monitoring pointer positions relative to the specified buffer size.

For applications requiring stream processing within FPGAs, integrating such FIFO structures alongside HLS streams could enhance overall system throughput while maintaining efficient resource utilization[^2].