请设计一段c语言代码,通过fork()两个子进程并用nice()改变其优先级,输出字符,比较不同优先级下进程调度的差异
时间: 2024-12-02 17:13:53 浏览: 25
在C语言中,你可以使用`fork()`函数创建子进程,并利用`nice()`函数调整它们的优先级。下面是一个简单的示例,展示了如何通过`fork()`复制进程,然后分别给每个子进程设置不同的niceness值:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#define HIGH_PRIORITY -5 // 高优先级
#define LOW_PRIORITY -20 // 低优先级
int main() {
pid_t child_pid;
// 创建高优先级子进程
if ((child_pid = fork()) > 0) { // 父进程
printf("Parent process PID: %d\n", getpid());
// 设置子进程优先级为高
struct rlimit limits;
getrlimit(RLIMIT_NICE, &limits);
limits.rlim_cur = limits.rlim_max = HIGH_PRIORITY;
setrlimit(RLIMIT_NICE, &limits);
wait(NULL); // 等待子进程结束
} else if (child_pid == 0) { // 子进程
printf("Child process with high priority, PID: %d\n", getpid());
char msg[] = "High Priority Child Process";
while (write(1, msg, sizeof(msg)) != sizeof(msg));
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
} else {
perror("Fork failed");
return -1;
}
// 为另一个子进程设置低优先级
if ((child_pid = fork()) > 0) { // 父进程
printf("Parent process PID: %d\n", getpid());
// 设置子进程优先级为低
limits.rlim_cur = limits.rlim_max = LOW_PRIORITY;
setrlimit(RLIMIT_NICE, &limits);
wait(NULL); // 等待子进程结束
} else if (child_pid == 0) { // 另一个子进程
printf("Child process with low priority, PID: %d\n", getpid());
char msg[] = "Low Priority Child Process";
while (write(1, msg, sizeof(msg)) != sizeof(msg));
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
} else {
perror("Second fork failed");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
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