使用开闭原则、MVC结构、GUI（可用选项卡窗格P214【例11-4】），求底为三角形、梯形、园的柱形的体积。

根据开闭原则，我们应该设计一个可扩展的程序，以便今后可能添加更多的形状。因此，我们可以定义一个抽象的 Shape 类，它有一个计算体积的抽象方法，每个具体的形状都可以继承这个类并实现这个方法。

MVC结构中，我们将程序分为三个部分：模型、视图和控制器。模型负责处理计算逻辑；视图负责显示界面；控制器负责协调模型和视图之间的交互。

GUI界面我们可以使用选项卡窗格来展示不同的形状，用户可以选择要计算的形状并输入相应的参数，程序将计算出体积并显示在界面上。

以下是Java代码实现：

Shape.java

public abstract class Shape {
    public abstract double getVolume();
}

TrianglePrism.java

public class TrianglePrism extends Shape {
    private double base;
    private double height;
    private double length;

    public TrianglePrism(double base, double height, double length) {
        this.base = base;
        this.height = height;
        this.length = length;
    }

    public double getVolume() {
        return 0.5 * base * height * length;
    }
}

TrapezoidPrism.java

public class TrapezoidPrism extends Shape {
    private double base1;
    private double base2;
    private double height;
    private double length;

    public TrapezoidPrism(double base1, double base2, double height, double length) {
        this.base1 = base1;
        this.base2 = base2;
        this.height = height;
        this.length = length;
    }

    public double getVolume() {
        return 0.5 * (base1 + base2) * height * length;
    }
}

Cylinder.java

public class Cylinder extends Shape {
    private double radius;
    private double height;

    public Cylinder(double radius, double height) {
        this.radius = radius;
        this.height = height;
    }

    public double getVolume() {
        return Math.PI * radius * radius * height;
    }
}

View.java

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class View {
    private JFrame frame;
    private JTabbedPane tabbedPane;
    private JPanel trianglePanel;
    private JPanel trapezoidPanel;
    private JPanel cylinderPanel;
    private JTextField triangleBaseField;
    private JTextField triangleHeightField;
    private JTextField triangleLengthField;
    private JTextField trapezoidBase1Field;
    private JTextField trapezoidBase2Field;
    private JTextField trapezoidHeightField;
    private JTextField trapezoidLengthField;
    private JTextField cylinderRadiusField;
    private JTextField cylinderHeightField;
    private JLabel triangleVolumeLabel;
    private JLabel trapezoidVolumeLabel;
    private JLabel cylinderVolumeLabel;

    public View() {
        frame = new JFrame("Calculate Volume");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        tabbedPane = new JTabbedPane();

        trianglePanel = new JPanel();
        trianglePanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 2));
        trianglePanel.add(new JLabel("Base:"));
        triangleBaseField = new JTextField();
        trianglePanel.add(triangleBaseField);
        trianglePanel.add(new JLabel("Height:"));
        triangleHeightField = new JTextField();
        trianglePanel.add(triangleHeightField);
        trianglePanel.add(new JLabel("Length:"));
        triangleLengthField = new JTextField();
        trianglePanel.add(triangleLengthField);
        JButton triangleButton = new JButton("Calculate");
        triangleButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                double base = Double.parseDouble(triangleBaseField.getText());
                double height = Double.parseDouble(triangleHeightField.getText());
                double length = Double.parseDouble(triangleLengthField.getText());
                TrianglePrism triangle = new TrianglePrism(base, height, length);
                triangleVolumeLabel.setText("Volume: " + triangle.getVolume());
            }
        });
        trianglePanel.add(triangleButton);
        triangleVolumeLabel = new JLabel("Volume:");
        trianglePanel.add(triangleVolumeLabel);
        tabbedPane.addTab("Triangle", trianglePanel);

        trapezoidPanel = new JPanel();
        trapezoidPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 2));
        trapezoidPanel.add(new JLabel("Base1:"));
        trapezoidBase1Field = new JTextField();
        trapezoidPanel.add(trapezoidBase1Field);
        trapezoidPanel.add(new JLabel("Base2:"));
        trapezoidBase2Field = new JTextField();
        trapezoidPanel.add(trapezoidBase2Field);
        trapezoidPanel.add(new JLabel("Height:"));
        trapezoidHeightField = new JTextField();
        trapezoidPanel.add(trapezoidHeightField);
        trapezoidPanel.add(new JLabel("Length:"));
        trapezoidLengthField = new JTextField();
        trapezoidPanel.add(trapezoidLengthField);
        JButton trapezoidButton = new JButton("Calculate");
        trapezoidButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                double base1 = Double.parseDouble(trapezoidBase1Field.getText());
                double base2 = Double.parseDouble(trapezoidBase2Field.getText());
                double height = Double.parseDouble(trapezoidHeightField.getText());
                double length = Double.parseDouble(trapezoidLengthField.getText());
                TrapezoidPrism trapezoid = new TrapezoidPrism(base1, base2, height, length);
                trapezoidVolumeLabel.setText("Volume: " + trapezoid.getVolume());
            }
        });
        trapezoidPanel.add(trapezoidButton);
        trapezoidVolumeLabel = new JLabel("Volume:");
        trapezoidPanel.add(trapezoidVolumeLabel);
        tabbedPane.addTab("Trapezoid", trapezoidPanel);

        cylinderPanel = new JPanel();
        cylinderPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 2));
        cylinderPanel.add(new JLabel("Radius:"));
        cylinderRadiusField = new JTextField();
        cylinderPanel.add(cylinderRadiusField);
        cylinderPanel.add(new JLabel("Height:"));
        cylinderHeightField = new JTextField();
        cylinderPanel.add(cylinderHeightField);
        JButton cylinderButton = new JButton("Calculate");
        cylinderButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                double radius = Double.parseDouble(cylinderRadiusField.getText());
                double height = Double.parseDouble(cylinderHeightField.getText());
                Cylinder cylinder = new Cylinder(radius, height);
                cylinderVolumeLabel.setText("Volume: " + cylinder.getVolume());
            }
        });
        cylinderPanel.add(cylinderButton);
        cylinderVolumeLabel = new JLabel("Volume:");
        cylinderPanel.add(cylinderVolumeLabel);
        tabbedPane.addTab("Cylinder", cylinderPanel);

        frame.add(tabbedPane);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

Controller.java

public class Controller {
    private View view;

    public Controller(View view) {
        this.view = view;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        View view = new View();
        Controller controller = new Controller(view);
    }
}