c语言有一副牌52张。每一张牌是构造数据类型，边一段程序完成其初始化

可以使用结构体来表示一张牌，结构体包含两个成员变量：花色和点数。在初始化时，可以使用一个循环来遍历所有的花色和点数，构造出52张牌。

示例代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>

// 定义花色枚举类型
enum Suit {
    CLUB, DIAMOND, HEART, SPADE
};

// 定义牌面值枚举类型
enum Rank {
    ACE = 1, TWO, THREE, FOUR, FIVE, SIX, SEVEN, EIGHT, NINE, TEN, JACK, QUEEN, KING
};

// 定义一张牌的结构体
struct Card {
    enum Suit suit;  // 花色
    enum Rank rank;  // 点数
};

int main() {
    struct Card deck[52];  // 定义一副牌

    int i, j;
    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {  // 遍历花色
        for (j = 1; j <= 13; j++) {  // 遍历点数
            deck[i * 13 + j - 1].suit = i;
            deck[i * 13 + j - 1].rank = j;
        }
    }

    // 打印出一副牌
    for (i = 0; i < 52; i++) {
        printf("Card %d: ", i+1);
        switch(deck[i].rank) {
            case ACE:
                printf("Ace");
                break;
            case JACK:
                printf("Jack");
                break;
            case QUEEN:
                printf("Queen");
                break;
            case KING:
                printf("King");
                break;
            default:
                printf("%d", deck[i].rank);
                break;
        }
        printf(" of ");
        switch(deck[i].suit) {
            case CLUB:
                printf("Clubs");
                break;
            case DIAMOND:
                printf("Diamonds");
                break;
            case HEART:
                printf("Hearts");
                break;
            case SPADE:
                printf("Spades");
                break;
        }
        printf("\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

输出结果为：

Card 1: Ace of Clubs
Card 2: 2 of Clubs
Card 3: 3 of Clubs
Card 4: 4 of Clubs
Card 5: 5 of Clubs
Card 6: 6 of Clubs
Card 7: 7 of Clubs
Card 8: 8 of Clubs
Card 9: 9 of Clubs
Card 10: 10 of Clubs
Card 11: Jack of Clubs
Card 12: Queen of Clubs
Card 13: King of Clubs
Card 14: Ace of Diamonds
Card 15: 2 of Diamonds
Card 16: 3 of Diamonds
Card 17: 4 of Diamonds
Card 18: 5 of Diamonds
Card 19: 6 of Diamonds
Card 20: 7 of Diamonds
Card 21: 8 of Diamonds
Card 22: 9 of Diamonds
Card 23: 10 of Diamonds
Card 24: Jack of Diamonds
Card 25: Queen of Diamonds
Card 26: King of Diamonds
Card 27: Ace of Hearts
Card 28: 2 of Hearts
Card 29: 3 of Hearts
Card 30: 4 of Hearts
Card 31: 5 of Hearts
Card 32: 6 of Hearts
Card 33: 7 of Hearts
Card 34: 8 of Hearts
Card 35: 9 of Hearts
Card 36: 10 of Hearts
Card 37: Jack of Hearts
Card 38: Queen of Hearts
Card 39: King of Hearts
Card 40: Ace of Spades
Card 41: 2 of Spades
Card 42: 3 of Spades
Card 43: 4 of Spades
Card 44: 5 of Spades
Card 45: 6 of Spades
Card 46: 7 of Spades
Card 47: 8 of Spades
Card 48: 9 of Spades
Card 49: 10 of Spades
Card 50: Jack of Spades
Card 51: Queen of Spades
Card 52: King of Spades