Java 发送SOAP请求调用WebService，解析SOAP报文

在Java中，发送SOAP请求并处理Web Service通常涉及以下几个步骤：

1. **添加依赖**：首先需要引入JAX-RPC（Java API for XML Remote Proceding Calls）或者更现代的JAXB（Java Architecture for XML Binding）以及SAAJ（Simple API for XML Serialization and deserialization）库，它们都是为了处理SOAP相关的操作。

2. **创建SOAP消息**：使用JAXB可以将Java对象转换成XML SOAP消息，也可以直接使用`javax.xml.soap.SOAPMessageFactory`创建SOAP消息。

SOAPConnectionFactory soapConnectionFactory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();
SOAPMessage message = soapConnectionFactory.createMessage();
SOAPPart soapPart = message.getSOAPPart();
MimeHeaders headers = soapPart.getMimeHeaders();
headers.addHeader(new HeaderImpl("To", "http://webservice.example.com/service"));

3. **设置SOAPAction和SOAP Body**：

   SOAPEnvelope envelope = soapPart.getEnvelope();
   SOAPBody body = envelope.getBody();
   SOAPElement bodyElem = body.addChildElement("serviceCall", "ns", "http://example.com");
   ObjectFactory objectFactory = new ObjectFactory();
   YourRequest requestObj = ...; // 创建你要发送的对象
   JAXBElement<YourRequest> reqElement = objectFactory.createYourRequest(requestObj);
   bodyElem.addChildElement(reqElement);

4. **发送请求**：使用HTTP客户端库如Apache HttpClient或者Java内置的URLConnection发送POST请求到指定的URL。

5. **接收响应**：服务器返回SOAP响应后，同样使用JAX-RPC或JAXB将其解析成Java对象。

6. **解析SOAP报文**：

   String responseString = ...; // 获取服务器响应字符串
   SOAPMessage receivedMessage = MessageFactory.newInstance().createMessage();
   receivedMessage.importFrom(new StreamSource(new ByteArrayInputStream(responseString.getBytes())));
   SOAPEnvelope envelope = receivedMessage.getSOAPPart().getEnvelope();
   // 解析body中的数据
   SOAPBody body = envelope.getBody();
   SOAPElement responseElement = body.getChildElements().next();
   YourResponse responseObj = ...; // 根据responseElement解析结果