opencv身份证识别

以下是基于Python和OpenCV的身份证号识别项目的步骤：

1. 导入必要的库和模块

import cv2
import numpy as np
import pytesseract

2. 读取身份证图片并进行预处理

# 读取图片
img = cv2.imread('id_card.jpg')

# 灰度化
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

# 二值化
ret, thresh = cv2.threshold(gray, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV + cv2.THRESH_OTSU)

# 去除噪声
kernel = np.ones((3, 3), np.uint8)
opening = cv2.morphologyEx(thresh, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, kernel, iterations=2)

# 膨胀操作
dilation = cv2.dilate(opening, kernel, iterations=1)

3. 查找身份证号码区域并进行裁剪

# 查找轮廓
contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(dilation, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)

# 查找身份证号码区域
for contour in contours:
    x, y, w, h = cv2.boundingRect(contour)
    if w > img.shape[1] / 2 and h > img.shape[0] / 10:
        id_card = img[y:y + h, x:x + w]
        break

4. 对身份证号码区域进行图像处理和识别

# 灰度化
gray = cv2.cvtColor(id_card, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

# 二值化
ret, thresh = cv2.threshold(gray, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV + cv2.THRESH_OTSU)

# 去除噪声
kernel = np.ones((1, 1), np.uint8)
opening = cv2.morphologyEx(thresh, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, kernel, iterations=1)

# 识别身份证号码
id_number = pytesseract.image_to_string(opening, lang='chi_sim')

5. 输出识别结果

print('身份证号码：', id_number)