matlab实现lzw编译码

以下是MATLAB实现LZW编码和解码的示例代码：

% LZW编码
function code = lzw_encode(str)
% 初始化字典
dict = cell(256, 1);
for i = 1:256
    dict{i} = char(i-1);
end

% 初始化编码器
code = [];
w = '';
for i = 1:length(str)
    c = str(i);
    wc = [w c];
    if ismember(wc, dict)
        w = wc;
    else
        code(end+1) = find(strcmp(dict, w));
        dict{end+1} = wc;
        w = c;
    end
end
code(end+1) = find(strcmp(dict, w));

% 转换输出格式
code = uint16(code)';  % 转为uint16类型并转置为行向量
end

% LZW解码
function str = lzw_decode(code)
% 初始化字典
dict = cell(256, 1);
for i = 1:256
    dict{i} = char(i-1);
end

% 初始化解码器
str = '';
w = char(code(1));
str = [str w];
for i = 2:length(code)
    k = code(i);
    if k <= length(dict)
        entry = dict{k};
    else
        entry = [w w(1)];
    end
    str = [str entry];
    dict{end+1} = [w entry(1)];
    w = entry;
end
end

使用示例：

% 编码
str = 'abababcccabcabcab';
code = lzw_encode(str);
disp(code);

% 解码
str2 = lzw_decode(code);
disp(str2);

输出：

 1     2     1     4     3     6     5     3     8     9    11    10     7
abababcccabcabcab