index 5 is out of bounds for axis 1 with size 5

This error message typically occurs when trying to access an element or index in a NumPy array or a Python list that does not exist. In this specific case, it suggests that the array or list has a size of 5, but the code is trying to access index 5, which is actually the sixth element (since indexing starts at 0).

For example, if we have a NumPy array with five elements:

import numpy as np

arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])

If we try to access the element at index 5:

arr[5]

We will get the "index out of bounds" error message, because the highest index in the array is 4 (for the fifth element):

IndexError: index 5 is out of bounds for axis 0 with size 5

To fix this error, we need to make sure that we are accessing valid indices within the array or list.