实现一个基于 Linux 内核的 PWM驱动程序代码以及对应的设备树配置,控制和生成 PWM 信号,通过定时器等机制来模拟 PWM 信号在指定 GPIO (无pwm功能)引脚上的输出,以实现对外部设备(如 LED 亮度调节、电机转速控制等)的控制的代码
时间: 2024-12-23 16:26:45 浏览: 12
要在Linux内核中实现一个PWM驱动程序并将其与GPIO关联起来,首先需要理解基本流程,包括创建驱动、配置设备树、初始化定时器和设置GPIO功能。以下是一个简化版的概述:
1. **创建驱动**:
- 创建一个新的内核模块,例如`my_pwm_driver.c`和`my_pwm_driver.ko`。在`my_pwm_driver.c`中,定义`struct pwm_device`结构体,它将包含PWM设备的数据。
```c
struct pwm_device {
struct device dev;
struct timer_list timer;
u32 duty_cycle;
};
```
2. **设备树配置**:
- 在`drivers/pwm/Kconfig`文件中添加PWM相关的Kconfig选项,并在`Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pwm`目录下创建相应的device tree binding(dtb)文件描述PWM设备的属性。
```dts
&pwm-controller {
compatible = "my_pwm_controller";
pwm-channels = <4>;
pwm-frequency = <50000>;
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
pwm-channel@0 {
pinctrl-names = "default";
pinctrl-0 = <&gpio_pinctrl>;
gpio = <&gpio0 0 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
};
};
```
3. **初始化定时器**:
- 使用`timer_init()`函数在driver初始化时设置定时器,设置周期和回调函数来更新PWM的占空比。
```c
static void pwm_timer_fn(unsigned long data) {
struct pwm_device *pwm_dev = (struct pwm_device *)data;
pwm_dev->duty_cycle++;
}
int __init my_pwm_driver_init(void) {
// 初始化设备
pwm_dev = kmalloc(sizeof(*pwm_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!pwm_dev)
return -ENOMEM;
// 初始化定时器
timer_init(&pwm_dev->timer, pwm_timer_fn, (unsigned long)pwm_dev);
timer_start(&pwm_dev->timer, 1000 / PWM_FREQUENCY, HZ);
}
```
4. **设置GPIO功能**:
- 在`driver_entry`函数中,注册GPIO并设置其功能为PWM输出。
```c
static int __devinit my_pwm_probe(struct platform_device *pdev) {
// Register with the system and get GPIO pin information
gpio_request(pwm_dev->gpio, "PWM Pin");
gpio_direction_output(pwm_dev->gpio, 0);
// ...其他初始化操作...
return 0;
}
static void __devexit my_pwm_remove(struct platform_device *pdev) {
gpio_free(pwm_dev->gpio);
}
```
5. **用户空间接口**:
- 如果需要,可以提供sysfs接口让用户空间调整PWM参数。
```c
static ssize_t duty_cycle_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf) {
struct pwm_device *pwm_dev = container_of(dev, struct pwm_device, dev);
return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", pwm_dev->duty_cycle);
}
static ssize_t duty_cycle_store(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count) {
// Update PWM duty cycle
...
return count;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR(duty_cycle, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR, duty_cycle_show, duty_cycle_store);
```
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