uart控制模块，发射模块，接收模快带FIFO的代码及测试代码

以下是一个简单的UART控制模块、发射模块和接收模块的代码，其中包含FIFO缓冲区：

// UART控制模块
module uart_control(
  input clk,
  input reset,
  input [7:0] data_in,
  input tx_enable,
  output reg tx_busy,
  output reg [7:0] data_out,
  output reg rx_enable
);

  reg [7:0] tx_data;
  reg [7:0] rx_data;
  reg tx_shift_reg;
  reg rx_shift_reg;
  reg [2:0] tx_state;
  reg [2:0] rx_state;
  
  // FIFO缓冲区
  reg [7:0] tx_buffer [0:7];
  reg [2:0] tx_head;
  reg [2:0] tx_tail;
  reg [7:0] rx_buffer [0:7];
  reg [2:0] rx_head;
  reg [2:0] rx_tail;

  // 初始化FIFO缓冲区
  initial begin
    tx_head = 0;
    tx_tail = 0;
    rx_head = 0;
    rx_tail = 0;
  end

  // 发送数据到FIFO缓冲区
  always @(posedge clk) begin
    if (tx_enable && !tx_busy) begin
      tx_buffer[tx_head] <= data_in;
      tx_head <= tx_head + 1;
      if (tx_head == 7) tx_head <= 0;
    end
  end

  // 从FIFO缓冲区读取数据
  always @(posedge clk) begin
    if (!tx_busy && tx_head != tx_tail) begin
      tx_data <= tx_buffer[tx_tail];
      tx_tail <= tx_tail + 1;
      if (tx_tail == 7) tx_tail <= 0;
      tx_shift_reg <= 1;
      tx_busy <= 1;
      tx_state <= 0;
    end
  end

  // 发射模块
  always @(posedge clk) begin
    if (tx_shift_reg) begin
      case(tx_state)
        0: begin // 发送起始位
          data_out <= 0;
          tx_state <= 1;
        end
        1: begin // 发送数据位
          data_out <= tx_data[0];
          tx_data <= {tx_data[6:0], 0};
          tx_state <= 2;
        end
        2: begin // 发送停止位
          data_out <= 1;
          tx_shift_reg <= 0;
          tx_busy <= 0;
          tx_state <= 0;
        end
      endcase
    end
  end

  // 接收模块
  always @(posedge clk) begin
    if (rx_enable) begin
      case(rx_state)
        0: begin // 等待起始位
          if (!rx_shift_reg && !data_in) begin
            rx_shift_reg <= 1;
            rx_state <= 1;
          end
        end
        1: begin // 接收数据位
          rx_data <= {rx_data[6:0], data_in};
          rx_state <= 2;
        end
        2: begin // 接收停止位
          if (rx_shift_reg && data_in) begin
            rx_shift_reg <= 0;
            rx_buffer[rx_head] <= rx_data;
            rx_head <= rx_head + 1;
            if (rx_head == 7) rx_head <= 0;
          end
          rx_state <= 0;
        end
      endcase
    end
  end

endmodule

// 测试代码
module uart_test;

  reg clk;
  reg reset;
  reg [7:0] data_in;
  reg tx_enable;
  reg rx_enable;
  wire tx_busy;
  wire [7:0] data_out;
  wire [7:0] rx_data;

  uart_control dut(
    .clk(clk),
    .reset(reset),
    .data_in(data_in),
    .tx_enable(tx_enable),
    .tx_busy(tx_busy),
    .data_out(data_out),
    .rx_enable(rx_enable),
    .rx_data(rx_data)
  );

  // 初始化测试信号
  initial begin
    clk = 0;
    forever #5 clk = ~clk;
    reset = 1;
    tx_enable = 0;
    data_in = 0;
    rx_enable = 0;
  end

  // 发送测试数据
  initial begin
    #10
    reset = 0;
    tx_enable = 1;
    data_in = 8'h41;
    #100
    data_in = 8'h42;
    #100
    data_in = 8'h43;
    #100
    data_in = 8'h44;
    #100
    data_in = 8'h45;
    #100
    data_in = 8'h46;
    #100
    data_in = 8'h47;
    #100
    data_in = 8'h48;
    #100
    tx_enable = 0;
  end

  // 接收测试数据
  initial begin
    #1000
    rx_enable = 1;
    #1000
    rx_enable = 0;
  end

  // 验证测试结果
  always @(posedge clk) begin
    if (rx_data == 8'h41) $display("Received data: A");
    else if (rx_data == 8'h42) $display("Received data: B");
    else if (rx_data == 8'h43) $display("Received data: C");
    else if (rx_data == 8'h44) $display("Received data: D");
    else if (rx_data == 8'h45) $display("Received data: E");
    else if (rx_data == 8'h46) $display("Received data: F");
    else if (rx_data == 8'h47) $display("Received data: G");
    else if (rx_data == 8'h48) $display("Received data: H");
  end

endmodule

以上代码只是一个简单的示例，可能需要根据您的具体需求进行修改和优化。测试代码通过发送数据并接收数据来验证UART控制模块、发射模块和接收模块的功能是否正常。