蛇形矩阵c++语言怎么写

蛇形矩阵，也被称为Z型矩阵或者Spiral Matrix，是一种特殊的二维数组填充方式，从左上角开始，沿着对角线向右下方螺旋移动。在C++中，可以采用迭代的方式来构造这种矩阵。下面是一个简单的例子：

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

// Function to generate a spiral matrix of given size
std::vector<std::vector<int>>& generateSpiral(int n) {
    std::vector<std::vector<int>> spiral(n, std::vector<int>(n, 0));
    int top = 0, bottom = n - 1, left = 0, right = n - 1;
    int num = 1;

    while (top <= bottom && left <= right) {
        // Fill the first row from left to right
        for (int i = left; i <= right; ++i) {
            spiral[top][i] = num++;
        }
        top++;

        // Fill the last column from top to bottom
        for (int i = top; i <= bottom; ++i) {
            spiral[i][right] = num++;
        }
        right--;

        // Fill the last row from right to left
        if (top <= bottom) {
            for (int i = right; i >= left; --i) {
                spiral[bottom][i] = num++;
            }
            bottom--;
        }

        // Fill the first column from bottom to top
        if (left <= right) {
            for (int i = bottom; i >= top; --i) {
                spiral[i][left] = num++;
            }
            left++;
        }
    }

    return spiral;
}

// Print the matrix
void printMatrix(const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& spiral) {
    for (const auto& row : spiral) {
        for (int num : row) {
            std::cout << num << " ";
        }
        std::cout << "\n";
    }
}

int main() {
    int n = 5;
    std::vector<std::vector<int>>& spiral_matrix = generateSpiral(n);
    printMatrix(spiral_matrix);

    return 0;
}

在这个程序中，`generateSpiral`函数生成了指定大小的蛇形矩阵，然后`printMatrix`用于打印矩阵内容。运行这个程序会得到一个5x5的蛇形矩阵。