Windows c++ 打印堆栈信息

在Windows C++中打印堆栈信息，通常是为了调试程序时查看当前调用堆栈，以便追踪错误来源。这可以通过第三方库如DbgHelp.dll或者一些系统API函数来实现。以下是使用`_asm`指令和`MiniDumpWriteDump`函数的一个简单示例：

#include <windows.h>
#include <dbghelp.h>

void PrintStackTrace()
{
    HANDLE hProcess = GetCurrentProcess();
    void *stackBuffer[4096];
    ULONG64 stackSize;
    MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION exInfo;

    ZeroMemory(&exInfo, sizeof(exInfo));
    exInfo.ThreadId = GetCurrentThreadId();

    if (SymInitialize(hProcess, NULL, TRUE) !=SYMBOL_SUCCESS)
        return; // 初始化符号表失败

    if (!MiniDumpWriteDump(hProcess, GetCurrentProcessId(), NULL, MiniDumpWithFullMemory | MiniDumpExceptionInformation,
                           stackBuffer, sizeof(stackBuffer), &exInfo))
    {
        OutputDebugString("Failed to write minidump.\n");
        return; // 写入堆栈dump失败
    }

    CONTEXT context;
    RtlCaptureContext(&context);

    _asm {
        mov eax, [esp] // 获取栈顶地址
        mov edi, stackBuffer // 将地址复制到缓冲区
        rep movsd         // 复制整个堆栈到缓冲区
    }

    for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(stackBuffer); i += sizeof(void*))
    {
        printf("Stack Frame at %p:\n", (void*)stackBuffer[i]);
        DWORD symbol = SymFromAddr(hProcess, (DWORD64)stackBuffer[i], NULL);
        printf("\tFunction: %s\n", !symbol ? "(unknown)" : SymGetModuleFileName(SymGetModuleBase(symbol), NULL, 0));
    }
}