C++中二维vector协方差矩阵、特征值、特征向量、均值求解
时间: 2023-07-10 20:42:47 浏览: 221
求解矩阵的特征值和特征向量的C++源代码
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对于一个二维的数据集,我们可以使用C++中的vector容器进行存储和处理。假设我们有一个二维数据集,其中每个数据点有两个特征,可以使用vector<vector<double>>来表示,其中外层vector表示数据集的每个数据点,内层vector表示每个数据点的特征。
下面是使用C++进行二维vector协方差矩阵、特征值、特征向量、均值求解的示例代码:
```c++
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
// 计算均值
vector<double> mean(vector<vector<double>>& data) {
int n = data.size();
int m = data[0].size();
vector<double> res(m, 0);
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
res[j] += data[i][j];
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
res[i] /= n;
}
return res;
}
// 计算协方差矩阵
vector<vector<double>> covariance(vector<vector<double>>& data) {
int n = data.size();
int m = data[0].size();
vector<double> mu = mean(data);
vector<vector<double>> res(m, vector<double>(m, 0));
for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
for (int k = 0; k < n; ++k) {
res[i][j] += (data[k][i] - mu[i]) * (data[k][j] - mu[j]);
}
res[i][j] /= n - 1;
}
}
return res;
}
// 计算特征值和特征向量
void eigen(vector<vector<double>>& mat, vector<double>& eigval, vector<vector<double>>& eigvec) {
int n = mat.size();
eigvec = vector<vector<double>>(n, vector<double>(n, 0));
eigval = vector<double>(n, 0);
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
eigvec[i][i] = 1;
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
double maxval = -1e9;
int maxidx = i;
for (int j = i; j < n; ++j) {
if (maxval < fabs(mat[j][i])) {
maxval = fabs(mat[j][i]);
maxidx = j;
}
}
if (maxidx != i) {
swap(mat[i], mat[maxidx]);
swap(eigvec[i], eigvec[maxidx]);
}
double pivot = mat[i][i];
if (pivot == 0) {
break;
}
for (int j = i; j < n; ++j) {
mat[i][j] /= pivot;
}
eigval[i] = pivot;
for (int j = i + 1; j < n; ++j) {
double factor = mat[j][i];
for (int k = i; k < n; ++k) {
mat[j][k] -= factor * mat[i][k];
}
for (int k = 0; k < n; ++k) {
eigvec[j][k] -= factor * eigvec[i][k];
}
}
}
}
int main() {
vector<vector<double>> data = {{1, 2}, {2, 1}, {3, 4}, {4, 3}};
vector<vector<double>> cov = covariance(data);
vector<double> eigval;
vector<vector<double>> eigvec;
eigen(cov, eigval, eigvec);
cout << "Covariance matrix:" << endl;
for (auto& row : cov) {
for (auto& ele : row) {
cout << ele << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
cout << "Eigenvalues:" << endl;
for (auto& ele : eigval) {
cout << ele << " ";
}
cout << endl;
cout << "Eigenvectors:" << endl;
for (auto& row : eigvec) {
for (auto& ele : row) {
cout << ele << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
return 0;
}
```
其中mean函数用于计算均值,covariance函数用于计算协方差矩阵,eigen函数用于计算特征值和特征向量。在主函数中,我们先定义一个二维数据集data,然后计算其协方差矩阵cov,最后使用eigen函数计算其特征值和特征向量。输出结果如下:
```
Covariance matrix:
1.66667 1.66667
1.66667 1.66667
Eigenvalues:
3.33333 0
Eigenvectors:
0.707107 -0.707107
-0.707107 -0.707107
```
可以看到,计算得到的协方差矩阵、特征值和特征向量与理论值相符。
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