matplotlib绘制二维栅格图
时间: 2023-07-05 14:29:39 浏览: 184
要使用matplotlib绘制二维栅格图,可以按照以下步骤进行:
1. 导入matplotlib库和numpy库
```python
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
```
2. 创建一个二维数组,作为栅格图的数据
```python
data = np.random.rand(10, 10)
```
3. 创建一个画布,并设置栅格图的大小和dpi
```python
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(6, 6), dpi=80)
```
4. 创建一个子图,并将栅格图添加到子图中
```python
ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
ax.imshow(data, cmap=plt.cm.gray, interpolation='nearest')
```
5. 设置栅格图的坐标轴及其标签
```python
ax.set_xticks(np.arange(-0.5, 10, 1))
ax.set_yticks(np.arange(-0.5, 10, 1))
ax.set_xticklabels([])
ax.set_yticklabels([])
```
6. 添加栅格线
```python
ax.grid(color='w', linestyle='-', linewidth=1)
```
7. 显示栅格图
```python
plt.show()
```
完整代码如下:
```python
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
data = np.random.rand(10, 10)
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(6, 6), dpi=80)
ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
ax.imshow(data, cmap=plt.cm.gray, interpolation='nearest')
ax.set_xticks(np.arange(-0.5, 10, 1))
ax.set_yticks(np.arange(-0.5, 10, 1))
ax.set_xticklabels([])
ax.set_yticklabels([])
ax.grid(color='w', linestyle='-', linewidth=1)
plt.show()
```