最优拼接线融合算法C++代码

最优拼接线融合算法是图像拼接中常用的一种算法，其主要思想是根据两张图像的重叠区域，计算出一个最优的拼接线使得拼接后的图像无缝衔接。下面提供一个基于 OpenCV 的最优拼接线融合算法的 C++ 代码示例：

#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main()
{
    // 读取图像
    Mat img1 = imread("img1.jpg");
    Mat img2 = imread("img2.jpg");

    // 计算图像重叠区域
    int overlap_width = min(img1.cols, img2.cols);
    Rect overlap_region(img1.cols - overlap_width, 0, overlap_width, img1.rows);

    // 计算梯度权重
    Mat grad_x1, grad_x2;
    Sobel(img1, grad_x1, CV_32F, 1, 0);
    Sobel(img2, grad_x2, CV_32F, 1, 0);
    grad_x1 = abs(grad_x1)(overlap_region);
    grad_x2 = abs(grad_x2)(overlap_region);

    // 计算最优拼接线
    Mat weight1 = grad_x1 / (grad_x1 + grad_x2 + 1e-6);
    Mat weight2 = grad_x2 / (grad_x1 + grad_x2 + 1e-6);
    Mat overlap1 = img1(overlap_region);
    Mat overlap2 = img2(overlap_region);
    Mat blend(overlap1.size(), CV_8UC3);
    for (int i = 0; i < blend.rows; ++i)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < blend.cols; ++j)
        {
            blend.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[0] = weight1.at<float>(i, j) * overlap1.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[0] + weight2.at<float>(i, j) * overlap2.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[0];
            blend.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[1] = weight1.at<float>(i, j) * overlap1.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[1] + weight2.at<float>(i, j) * overlap2.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[1];
            blend.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[2] = weight1.at<float>(i, j) * overlap1.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[2] + weight2.at<float>(i, j) * overlap2.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[2];
        }
    }
    double min_val, max_val;
    Point min_loc, max_loc;
    Mat result;
    matchTemplate(blend, overlap1, result, TM_SQDIFF_NORMED);
    minMaxLoc(result, &min_val, &max_val, &min_loc, &max_loc);
    int optimal_line = min_loc.y;

    // 拼接图像
    Mat result(img1.rows, img1.cols + img2.cols - overlap_width, CV_8UC3);
    img1(Rect(0, 0, img1.cols - overlap_width, img1.rows)).copyTo(result(Rect(0, 0, img1.cols - overlap_width, img1.rows)));
    img2(Rect(overlap_width, 0, img2.cols - overlap_width, img2.rows)).copyTo(result(Rect(img1.cols - overlap_width, 0, img2.cols - overlap_width, img2.rows)));
    blend.copyTo(result(Rect(img1.cols - overlap_width, optimal_line, overlap_width, blend.rows - optimal_line)));

    // 显示结果
    imshow("result", result);
    waitKey(0);

    return 0;
}

上述代码中，首先读取了两张待拼接的图像，然后计算出它们的重叠区域。接下来，使用 Sobel 算子计算出两张图像在重叠区域内的梯度权重，并根据权重计算出最优的拼接线。最后，将两张图像根据最优的拼接线进行拼接，并显示拼接结果。

需要注意的是，这段代码中的最优拼接线融合算法是一种简单的算法，可能无法处理一些复杂的情况。如果需要更高效、更稳定的算法，可以考虑使用 OpenCV 中的 `Stitcher` 类或者其他图像拼接库。