python 判断str是否为罗马数字
时间: 2023-05-04 19:04:13 浏览: 350
在Python中判断一个字符串是否为罗马数字,可以通过以下步骤:
1.定义一个字典,以罗马数字为键,对应的阿拉伯数字为值,如:roman_to_int = {'I': 1, 'V': 5, 'X': 10, 'L': 50, 'C': 100, 'D': 500, 'M': 1000}
2.遍历字符串中的每个字符,如果该字符在字典中出现过,则将其对应的值累加到结果中,并记录当前字符和前一个字符的值,以便后续判断是否需要减去前一个字符的值,如:IV表示4,而不是6。
3.最后判断结果是否等于输入字符串转换成的数字,如果相等则是罗马数字,否则不是。
下面是一个简单的Python函数实现:
```
def is_roman_numeral(s):
roman_to_int = {'I': 1, 'V': 5, 'X': 10, 'L': 50, 'C': 100, 'D': 500, 'M': 1000}
result = 0
prev_value = 0
for c in s:
value = roman_to_int.get(c, 0)
if value == 0:
return False
if value > prev_value:
result += value - 2 * prev_value
else:
result += value
prev_value = value
return result == int(s)
```
可以通过以下测试来验证函数的正确性:
```
assert is_roman_numeral('III') == True
assert is_roman_numeral('IV') == True
assert is_roman_numeral('MCMXCIV') == True
assert is_roman_numeral('MMCDXXI') == True
assert is_roman_numeral('ABC') == False
assert is_roman_numeral('100') == False
```
其中,第一个断言测试的是III,结果应为True;第二个测试的是IV,结果应为True;第三个测试的是MCMXCIV,结果应为True;第四个测试的是MMCDXXI,结果应为True;第五个测试的是ABC,结果应为False;第六个测试的是100,结果应为False。
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