windows系统上开发CAN上位机界面工具MFC实现与代码示例
时间: 2023-09-30 13:03:26 浏览: 339
利用MFC开发Windows应用程序
下面是一个简单的MFC界面工具,用于与CAN总线通信。本示例使用了Peak的PCAN-USB接口,但是您可以根据需要更改实现以适应您使用的硬件。
首先,您需要包含以下头文件:
```c++
#include "afxwin.h"
#include "PCANBasic.h"
#include <vector>
```
接下来,您需要添加以下变量:
```c++
TPCANHandle m_PcanHandle; // CAN接口句柄
TPCANMsg m_TxMsg; // 发送CAN消息
TPCANMsg m_RxMsg; // 接收CAN消息
std::vector<std::string> m_CanBaudrateList; // CAN波特率列表
std::vector<std::string> m_CanMsgTypeList; // CAN消息类型列表
```
在对话框类中,您需要添加以下代码:
```c++
class CCanToolDlg : public CDialogEx
{
// ...
public:
CCanToolDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL); // 标准构造函数
virtual ~CCanToolDlg();
// 对话框数据
#ifdef AFX_DESIGN_TIME
enum { IDD = IDD_CAN_TOOL_DIALOG };
#endif
protected:
virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX); // DDX/DDV 支持
// 实现
protected:
HICON m_hIcon;
// 生成的消息映射函数
virtual BOOL OnInitDialog();
afx_msg void OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam);
afx_msg void OnPaint();
afx_msg HCURSOR OnQueryDragIcon();
DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
private:
BOOL InitPcan(); // 初始化PCAN接口
void DisplayCanBaudrateList(); // 显示CAN波特率列表
void DisplayCanMsgTypeList(); // 显示CAN消息类型列表
void WriteCanMsg(); // 发送CAN消息
void ReadCanMsg(); // 接收CAN消息
CComboBox m_CanBaudrateCombo; // CAN波特率选择框
CComboBox m_CanMsgTypeCombo; // CAN消息类型选择框
CEdit m_CanIdEdit; // CAN ID编辑框
CEdit m_CanDataEdit; // CAN数据编辑框
CButton m_SendBtn; // 发送按钮
CListBox m_MsgListBox; // 消息列表框
};
```
在对话框类的构造函数中,您需要初始化以下变量:
```c++
CCanToolDlg::CCanToolDlg(CWnd* pParent /*=NULL*/)
: CDialogEx(IDD_CAN_TOOL_DIALOG, pParent)
{
m_hIcon = AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDR_MAINFRAME);
// 初始化CAN接口
m_PcanHandle = PCAN_USBBUS1;
m_TxMsg.ID = 0x123;
m_TxMsg.LEN = 8;
m_TxMsg.MSGTYPE = MSGTYPE_STANDARD;
ZeroMemory(m_TxMsg.DATA, sizeof(m_TxMsg.DATA));
m_RxMsg.ID = 0x0;
m_RxMsg.LEN = 0;
m_RxMsg.MSGTYPE = MSGTYPE_STANDARD;
ZeroMemory(m_RxMsg.DATA, sizeof(m_RxMsg.DATA));
// 初始化CAN波特率列表
m_CanBaudrateList.push_back("1 MBit/sec");
m_CanBaudrateList.push_back("500 KBit/sec");
m_CanBaudrateList.push_back("250 KBit/sec");
m_CanBaudrateList.push_back("125 KBit/sec");
m_CanBaudrateList.push_back("100 KBit/sec");
m_CanBaudrateList.push_back("50 KBit/sec");
m_CanBaudrateList.push_back("20 KBit/sec");
m_CanBaudrateList.push_back("10 KBit/sec");
// 初始化CAN消息类型列表
m_CanMsgTypeList.push_back("Standard");
m_CanMsgTypeList.push_back("RTR");
}
```
在OnInitDialog函数中,您需要调用初始化CAN接口,显示CAN波特率列表和CAN消息类型列表的函数,并将它们与对应的控件关联起来:
```c++
BOOL CCanToolDlg::OnInitDialog()
{
CDialogEx::OnInitDialog();
// 添加 "关于..." 菜单项。
// IDM_ABOUTBOX 必须在系统命令范围内。
ASSERT((IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX);
ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX < 0xF000);
CMenu* pSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(FALSE);
if (pSysMenu != NULL)
{
CString strAboutMenu;
strAboutMenu.LoadString(IDS_ABOUTBOX);
if (!strAboutMenu.IsEmpty())
{
pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);
pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);
}
}
// 设置此对话框的图标。当应用程序主窗口不是对话框时,框架将自动
// 执行此操作
SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE); // 设置大图标
SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE); // 设置小图标
// TODO: 在此添加额外的初始化代码
if (!InitPcan())
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("PCAN initialization failed!"));
return FALSE;
}
DisplayCanBaudrateList();
DisplayCanMsgTypeList();
m_CanBaudrateCombo.SetCurSel(0);
m_CanMsgTypeCombo.SetCurSel(0);
return TRUE; // 除非将焦点设置到控件,否则返回 TRUE
}
```
在InitPcan函数中,您需要初始化PCAN接口并打开它:
```c++
BOOL CCanToolDlg::InitPcan()
{
TPCANStatus status;
// Initialize PCAN interface
status = CAN_Initialize(m_PcanHandle, PCAN_BAUD_1M, 0, 0, 0);
if (status != PCAN_ERROR_OK)
return FALSE;
// Start the PCAN interface
status = CAN_Start(m_PcanHandle);
if (status != PCAN_ERROR_OK)
{
CAN_Uninitialize(m_PcanHandle);
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
```
在DisplayCanBaudrateList函数中,您需要将CAN波特率列表显示在对应的控件中:
```c++
void CCanToolDlg::DisplayCanBaudrateList()
{
for (std::vector<std::string>::iterator it = m_CanBaudrateList.begin(); it != m_CanBaudrateList.end(); it++)
{
CString str(it->c_str());
m_CanBaudrateCombo.AddString(str);
}
}
```
在DisplayCanMsgTypeList函数中,您需要将CAN消息类型列表显示在对应的控件中:
```c++
void CCanToolDlg::DisplayCanMsgTypeList()
{
for (std::vector<std::string>::iterator it = m_CanMsgTypeList.begin(); it != m_CanMsgTypeList.end(); it++)
{
CString str(it->c_str());
m_CanMsgTypeCombo.AddString(str);
}
}
```
在WriteCanMsg函数中,您需要从控件中获取CAN消息数据并发送它:
```c++
void CCanToolDlg::WriteCanMsg()
{
CString strId, strData;
int nId = 0;
// Get CAN ID
m_CanIdEdit.GetWindowTextW(strId);
if (strId.IsEmpty())
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("Please input CAN ID!"));
return;
}
nId = _tcstoul(strId, NULL, 16);
if (nId > 0x7FF)
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("CAN ID should be less than or equal to 0x7FF!"));
return;
}
m_TxMsg.ID = nId;
// Get CAN data
m_CanDataEdit.GetWindowTextW(strData);
if (strData.IsEmpty())
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("Please input CAN data!"));
return;
}
CString strDataByte;
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
{
strDataByte = strData.Mid(i * 2, 2);
if (strDataByte.IsEmpty())
{
ZeroMemory(m_TxMsg.DATA + i, 1);
}
else
{
m_TxMsg.DATA[i] = _tcstoul(strDataByte, NULL, 16);
}
}
// Get CAN message type
int nMsgType = m_CanMsgTypeCombo.GetCurSel();
if (nMsgType == -1)
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("Please select CAN message type!"));
return;
}
m_TxMsg.MSGTYPE = (nMsgType == 0 ? MSGTYPE_STANDARD : MSGTYPE_RTR);
// Send CAN message
TPCANStatus status = CAN_Write(m_PcanHandle, &m_TxMsg);
if (status != PCAN_ERROR_OK)
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("CAN message sending failed!"));
return;
}
// Display CAN message in message list box
CString strMsg;
strMsg.Format(_T("Tx: %03X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X"), m_TxMsg.ID, m_TxMsg.DATA[0], m_TxMsg.DATA[1], m_TxMsg.DATA[2], m_TxMsg.DATA[3], m_TxMsg.DATA[4], m_TxMsg.DATA[5], m_TxMsg.DATA[6], m_TxMsg.DATA[7]);
m_MsgListBox.AddString(strMsg);
}
```
在ReadCanMsg函数中,您需要接收CAN消息并在消息列表框中显示它:
```c++
void CCanToolDlg::ReadCanMsg()
{
TPCANStatus status;
while (TRUE)
{
// Receive CAN message
status = CAN_Read(m_PcanHandle, &m_RxMsg, NULL);
if (status != PCAN_ERROR_OK && status != PCAN_ERROR_QRCVEMPTY)
break;
if (status == PCAN_ERROR_QRCVEMPTY)
break;
// Display CAN message in message list box
CString strMsg;
strMsg.Format(_T("Rx: %03X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X"), m_RxMsg.ID, m_RxMsg.DATA[0], m_RxMsg.DATA[1], m_RxMsg.DATA[2], m_RxMsg.DATA[3], m_RxMsg.DATA[4], m_RxMsg.DATA[5], m_RxMsg.DATA[6], m_RxMsg.DATA[7]);
m_MsgListBox.AddString(strMsg);
}
}
```
最后,在对话框类中添加以下消息处理函数:
```c++
void CCanToolDlg::OnBnClickedSendBtn()
{
WriteCanMsg();
}
afx_msg void CCanToolDlg::OnTimer(UINT_PTR nIDEvent)
{
if (nIDEvent == 1)
{
ReadCanMsg();
}
CDialogEx::OnTimer(nIDEvent);
}
void CCanToolDlg::OnDestroy()
{
CDialogEx::OnDestroy();
// Stop the PCAN interface
CAN_Stop(m_PcanHandle);
// Uninitialize the PCAN interface
CAN_Uninitialize(m_PcanHandle);
}
void CCanToolDlg::OnCbnSelchangeCanBaudrateCombo()
{
int nBaudrate = m_CanBaudrateCombo.GetCurSel();
if (nBaudrate == -1)
return;
switch (nBaudrate)
{
case 0:
CAN_Initialize(m_PcanHandle, PCAN_BAUD_1M, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case 1:
CAN_Initialize(m_PcanHandle, PCAN_BAUD_500K, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case 2:
CAN_Initialize(m_PcanHandle, PCAN_BAUD_250K, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case 3:
CAN_Initialize(m_PcanHandle, PCAN_BAUD_125K, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case 4:
CAN_Initialize(m_PcanHandle, PCAN_BAUD_100K, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case 5:
CAN_Initialize(m_PcanHandle, PCAN_BAUD_50K, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case 6:
CAN_Initialize(m_PcanHandle, PCAN_BAUD_20K, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case 7:
CAN_Initialize(m_PcanHandle, PCAN_BAUD_10K, 0, 0, 0);
break;
}
}
void CCanToolDlg::OnBnClickedReadBtn()
{
SetTimer(1, 100, NULL);
}
```
这是一个简单的MFC界面工具,用于与CAN总线通信。您可以根据需要进行修改和调整。
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