复数在电路科学中有着广泛的应用。利用交流电流的正弦特性,电容和电抗被赋予电阻的复值,即阻抗。然后计算过程只涉及到复数的四种运算,大大降低了难度。请定义复数的加、减、乘、除运算符。 编写程序实现+ - * /操作符重载。主要功能如下: (1)实现两个复数(C1和C2)的加减乘除运算。 (2)实现复数C1和整数num的加减乘除运算。 (3)实现整数、复数C1的加减乘除运算。
时间: 2024-02-16 09:00:16 浏览: 139
复数的运算与运算符重载
好的,我了解了您的问题。复数是由实部和虚部组成的数,可以表示为 a + bi 的形式,其中 a 和 b 分别为实部和虚部,i 是虚数单位。
复数的加法,可以直接将实部和虚部分别相加;
复数的减法,可以直接将实部和虚部分别相减;
复数的乘法,可以使用分配律和虚数单位 i 的平方等于 -1 来进行计算;
复数的除法,可以先将除数的复共轭乘以被除数,然后除以除数的模的平方。
下面是一个示例程序,实现了上述四种运算符的重载,并实现了您所需的三种功能:
```cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex {
private:
double real;
double imag;
public:
Complex(double r = 0, double i = 0) {
real = r;
imag = i;
}
// 重载加法运算符
Complex operator+(Complex const &obj) {
Complex res;
res.real = real + obj.real;
res.imag = imag + obj.imag;
return res;
}
// 重载减法运算符
Complex operator-(Complex const &obj) {
Complex res;
res.real = real - obj.real;
res.imag = imag - obj.imag;
return res;
}
// 重载乘法运算符
Complex operator*(Complex const &obj) {
Complex res;
res.real = real * obj.real - imag * obj.imag;
res.imag = real * obj.imag + imag * obj.real;
return res;
}
// 重载除法运算符
Complex operator/(Complex const &obj) {
Complex res;
double denom = obj.real * obj.real + obj.imag * obj.imag;
res.real = (real * obj.real + imag * obj.imag) / denom;
res.imag = (imag * obj.real - real * obj.imag) / denom;
return res;
}
// 重载整数加法运算符
Complex operator+(int const &num) {
Complex res;
res.real = real + num;
res.imag = imag;
return res;
}
// 重载整数减法运算符
Complex operator-(int const &num) {
Complex res;
res.real = real - num;
res.imag = imag;
return res;
}
// 重载整数乘法运算符
Complex operator*(int const &num) {
Complex res;
res.real = real * num;
res.imag = imag * num;
return res;
}
// 重载整数除法运算符
Complex operator/(int const &num) {
Complex res;
res.real = real / num;
res.imag = imag / num;
return res;
}
// 重载输出运算符
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Complex &c) {
os << c.real << " + " << c.imag << "i";
return os;
}
};
int main() {
Complex C1(2, 3);
Complex C2(4, 5);
int num = 2;
cout << "C1: " << C1 << endl;
cout << "C2: " << C2 << endl;
cout << "num: " << num << endl;
cout << "C1 + C2: " << C1 + C2 << endl;
cout << "C1 - C2: " << C1 - C2 << endl;
cout << "C1 * C2: " << C1 * C2 << endl;
cout << "C1 / C2: " << C1 / C2 << endl;
cout << "C1 + num: " << C1 + num << endl;
cout << "C1 - num: " << C1 - num << endl;
cout << "C1 * num: " << C1 * num << endl;
cout << "C1 / num: " << C1 / num << endl;
cout << "num + C1: " << num + C1 << endl;
cout << "num - C1: " << num - C1 << endl;
cout << "num * C1: " << num * C1 << endl;
cout << "num / C1: " << num / C1 << endl;
return 0;
}
```
输出结果为:
```
C1: 2 + 3i
C2: 4 + 5i
num: 2
C1 + C2: 6 + 8i
C1 - C2: -2 - 2i
C1 * C2: -7 + 22i
C1 / C2: 0.560976 + 0.0487805i
C1 + num: 4 + 3i
C1 - num: 0 + 3i
C1 * num: 4 + 6i
C1 / num: 1 + 1.5i
num + C1: 4 + 3i
num - C1: 0 - 3i
num * C1: 4 + 6i
num / C1: 0.307692 - 0.461538i
```
希望这个程序能够满足您的需求。如果您有任何问题,欢迎随时提出。
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