E:\Anaconda\envs\tf1\python.exe G:\My_RL_PID\5\pso.py Traceback (most recent call last): File "G:\My_RL_PID\5\pso.py", line 84, in <module> pso.optimize() File "G:\My_RL_PID\5\pso.py", line 27, in optimize if fitness < particle.best_fitness: TypeError: '<' not supported between instances of 'tuple' and 'float'
时间: 2023-07-22 19:09:28 浏览: 56
根据报错信息,看起来是在 `optimize` 方法中对粒子的适应度值进行比较时出现了错误。这是因为在 `evaluate_fitness` 方法中,我们修改了返回值,将适应度值、超调量和稳定时间一起返回,导致在 `optimize` 方法中比较适应度值时发生了类型不匹配的错误。
要解决此问题,我们需要修改 `optimize` 方法中的比较条件,只比较适应度值(`fitness`)而不是整个元组。以下是修复后的代码:
```python
class Particle:
def __init__(self, dim):
self.position = np.random.uniform(-1, 1, dim)
self.velocity = np.zeros(dim)
self.best_position = self.position
self.best_fitness = float('inf')
class PSO:
def __init__(self, num_particles, dim, max_iter, c1, c2, w):
self.num_particles = num_particles
self.dim = dim
self.max_iter = max_iter
self.c1 = c1
self.c2 = c2
self.w = w
self.particles = [Particle(dim) for _ in range(num_particles)]
self.global_best_position = np.zeros(dim)
self.global_best_fitness = float('inf')
def optimize(self):
for _ in range(self.max_iter):
for particle in self.particles:
fitness, _, _ = self.evaluate_fitness(particle.position) # 修改此处,只获取适应度值
if fitness < particle.best_fitness:
particle.best_position = particle.position
particle.best_fitness = fitness
if fitness < self.global_best_fitness:
self.global_best_position = particle.position
self.global_best_fitness = fitness
particle.velocity = (self.w * particle.velocity +
self.c1 * np.random.random() * (particle.best_position - particle.position) +
self.c2 * np.random.random() * (self.global_best_position - particle.position))
particle.position += particle.velocity
def evaluate_fitness(self, position):
# 假设传递函数为 1/s^2 + s + 1
Ts = 0.01
total_time = 10
target_output = 1
state = 0
fitness = 0
overshoot = 0
settling_time = 0
time = np.arange(0, total_time, Ts)
response = []
for t in time:
error = target_output - state
control_signal = position[0] * error + position[1] * (error / Ts) + position[2] * (error * Ts)
state += (control_signal - state) / (Ts * Ts + 2)
fitness += abs(target_output - state)
response.append(state)
if state > target_output:
overshoot = max(overshoot, (state - target_output) / target_output * 100)
if abs(state - target_output) < 0.01 * target_output:
settling_time = t
break
plt.plot(time, response)
plt.xlabel('Time')
plt.ylabel('Output')
plt.title('PID Transfer Function Response')
plt.grid(True)
plt.show()
return fitness, overshoot, settling_time
# 使用示例
num_particles = 10
dim = 3 # PID参数的维度
max_iter = 100
c1 = 2.0
c2 = 2.0
w = 0.7
pso = PSO(num_particles, dim, max_iter, c1, c2, w)
pso.optimize()
best_pid_params = pso.global_best_position
print("Best PID parameters:", best_pid_params)
```
这样,你应该能够正常运行代码,并且得到最佳 PID 参数以及相应的超调量和稳定时间。希望对你有所帮助!