我想解析xml文件中每个sec的段落(<p>.....</p>),然后将每个段落转换成xml_str,然后,用NLTK分句,最后这些分句结果按照顺序组合成一个列表
时间: 2024-09-27 08:15:37 浏览: 54
为了实现这个目标,你可以按照以下步骤操作:
1. **读取XML文件**:
使用Python的`ElementTree`库来解析XML文件。首先,你需要导入`ElementTree`模块并加载文件:
```python
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
def parse_xml(xml_file):
tree = ET.parse(xml_file)
root = tree.getroot()
return root
```
2. **提取段落**:
遍历XML根元素下的所有`<sec>`标签,并获取其内部的`<p>`段落内容:
```python
def extract_paragraphs(root):
paragraphs = []
for sec in root.findall('.//sec'):
p_texts = [p.text for p in sec.findall('p')]
if p_texts:
paragraphs.extend(p_texts)
return paragraphs
```
3. **创建XML字符串**:
对每个段落文本,可以使用`etree.tostring()`将其转换为XML字符串:
```python
def xmlize(paragraph_text):
element = ET.fromstring('<p>{}</p>'.format(paragraph_text))
return ET.tostring(element).decode()
paragraphs_as_xml_str = [xmlize(p) for p in paragraphs]
```
4. **使用NLTK分句**:
安装NLTK库(如果尚未安装):
```
!pip install nltk
```
导入并使用`sent_tokenize`函数对每个段落的XML字符串进行分句:
```python
import nltk
nltk.download('punkt') # 下载punkt数据集,第一次运行
def split_sentences(xml_str):
sentences = nltk.sent_tokenize(xml_str)
return sentences
sentences_list = [split_sentences(s) for s in paragraphs_as_xml_str]
```
5. **合并结果列表**:
最后,将所有的句子列表按照原始段落顺序连接起来:
```python
combined_sentences = [sentence for sublist in sentences_list for sentence in sublist]
```
完整代码示例:
```python
# ... (以上各部分代码)
combined_sentences = [sentence for sublist in sentences_list for sentence in sublist]
```
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