利用python编写一个基于tkinter、txt的自动组卷考试系统，题库里有20个选择，20个判断和20个简答，抽10个选择题一个4分，10个判断题一个3分，2个简答题一个15分，并自动计时和核对答案

好的，我可以帮你解答这个问题。这是一个比较复杂的问题，需要涉及到多个方面，包括GUI编程、文件读写、计时器和逻辑判断等。下面是一个基本的框架，你可以根据需要进行修改和完善。

首先，我们需要导入必要的模块。

import tkinter as tk
import random
import time

然后，定义一些全局变量，包括题目数量、每种题目的分值、答案列表等。

# 题目数量
NUM_CHOICES = 20
NUM_JUDGEMENTS = 20
NUM_SHORT_ANSWERS = 20

# 题目分值
CHOICE_SCORE = 4
JUDGEMENT_SCORE = 3
SHORT_ANSWER_SCORE = 15

# 答案列表
ANSWER_CHOICES = []
ANSWER_JUDGEMENTS = []
ANSWER_SHORT_ANSWERS = []

接着，我们需要定义一个函数来读取题库中的题目和答案。

def read_questions():
    # 读取选择题
    with open('choices.txt', 'r') as f:
        for line in f:
            ANSWER_CHOICES.append(line.strip())

    # 读取判断题
    with open('judgements.txt', 'r') as f:
        for line in f:
            ANSWER_JUDGEMENTS.append(line.strip())

    # 读取简答题
    with open('short_answers.txt', 'r') as f:
        for line in f:
            ANSWER_SHORT_ANSWERS.append(line.strip())

然后，我们需要定义一个生成试卷的函数。

def generate_paper():
    # 随机抽取题目
    choices = random.sample(range(NUM_CHOICES), 10)
    judgements = random.sample(range(NUM_JUDGEMENTS), 10)
    short_answers = random.sample(range(NUM_SHORT_ANSWERS), 2)

    # 生成试卷
    paper = ''
    for i in range(10):
        paper += f'{i+1}. {ANSWER_CHOICES[choices[i]]}\n'
    for i in range(10):
        paper += f'{i+11}. {ANSWER_JUDGEMENTS[judgements[i]]}\n'
    for i in range(2):
        paper += f'{i+21}. {ANSWER_SHORT_ANSWERS[short_answers[i]]}\n'

    # 返回试卷
    return paper

然后，我们需要定义一个计时器，用来计算考试时间。

def start_timer():
    global start_time
    start_time = time.time()

def stop_timer():
    global elapsed_time
    elapsed_time = time.time() - start_time

接着，我们需要定义一个函数来核对答案。

def check_answers():
    # 获取答案
    answers = []
    for i in range(10):
        answer = choice_vars[i].get()
        if answer == 1:
            answers.append('A')
        elif answer == 2:
            answers.append('B')
        elif answer == 3:
            answers.append('C')
        elif answer == 4:
            answers.append('D')

    for i in range(10):
        answer = judgement_vars[i].get()
        if answer == 1:
            answers.append('T')
        elif answer == 2:
            answers.append('F')

    for i in range(2):
        answer = short_answer_vars[i].get()
        answers.append(answer)

    # 核对答案
    score = 0
    for i in range(10):
        if answers[i] == ANSWER_CHOICES[i]:
            score += CHOICE_SCORE
    for i in range(10):
        if answers[i+10] == ANSWER_JUDGEMENTS[i]:
            score += JUDGEMENT_SCORE
    for i in range(2):
        if answers[i+20] == ANSWER_SHORT_ANSWERS[i]:
            score += SHORT_ANSWER_SCORE

    # 显示分数和用时
    result_label.config(text=f'分数：{score}\n用时：{int(elapsed_time)}秒')

最后，我们需要定义一个GUI界面。

# 初始化窗口
window = tk.Tk()
window.geometry('800x600')
window.title('自动组卷考试系统')

# 读取题库
read_questions()

# 生成试卷
paper = generate_paper()

# 显示试卷
paper_label = tk.Label(window, text=paper, font=('Arial', 12))
paper_label.pack()

# 显示计时器
timer_label = tk.Label(window, text='00:00:00', font=('Arial', 12))
timer_label.pack()

# 显示选择题
choice_vars = []
for i in range(10):
    choice_var = tk.IntVar()
    choice_vars.append(choice_var)

    choice_frame = tk.Frame(window)
    choice_frame.pack()

    choice_label = tk.Label(choice_frame, text=f'{i+1}. ')
    choice_label.pack(side=tk.LEFT)

    choice_options = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']
    for j in range(4):
        choice_button = tk.Radiobutton(choice_frame, text=choice_options[j], variable=choice_var, value=j+1)
        choice_button.pack(side=tk.LEFT)

# 显示判断题
judgement_vars = []
for i in range(10):
    judgement_var = tk.IntVar()
    judgement_vars.append(judgement_var)

    judgement_frame = tk.Frame(window)
    judgement_frame.pack()

    judgement_label = tk.Label(judgement_frame, text=f'{i+11}. ')
    judgement_label.pack(side=tk.LEFT)

    judgement_button1 = tk.Radiobutton(judgement_frame, text='T', variable=judgement_var, value=1)
    judgement_button1.pack(side=tk.LEFT)

    judgement_button2 = tk.Radiobutton(judgement_frame, text='F', variable=judgement_var, value=2)
    judgement_button2.pack(side=tk.LEFT)

# 显示简答题
short_answer_vars = []
for i in range(2):
    short_answer_var = tk.StringVar()
    short_answer_vars.append(short_answer_var)

    short_answer_frame = tk.Frame(window)
    short_answer_frame.pack()

    short_answer_label = tk.Label(short_answer_frame, text=f'{i+21}. ')
    short_answer_label.pack(side=tk.LEFT)

    short_answer_entry = tk.Entry(short_answer_frame, textvariable=short_answer_var, width=50)
    short_answer_entry.pack(side=tk.LEFT)

# 显示提交按钮
submit_button = tk.Button(window, text='提交', command=check_answers)
submit_button.pack()

# 显示结果
result_label = tk.Label(window, text='')
result_label.pack()

# 显示开始考试按钮
start_button = tk.Button(window, text='开始考试', command=start_timer)
start_button.pack()

# 显示结束考试按钮
stop_button = tk.Button(window, text='结束考试', command=stop_timer)
stop_button.pack()

# 运行窗口
window.mainloop()

这个程序还有很多可以改进的地方，比如添加更多的题目类型、优化界面布局等。但是，以上代码应该可以满足你的需求了。