linux getch

Linux中的getch函数是一个非标准函数，它用于从终端读取单个字符，而不需要用户按下回车键。它通常用于编写控制台应用程序，如游戏或命令行工具。在Linux中，getch函数通常需要使用ncurses库来实现。

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Linux ncurses getch

The `getch()` function is a blocking input function in the ncurses library of Linux. It waits for the user to press a key on the keyboard and returns the corresponding integer value of the key pressed.

Here is a simple example of using `getch()` to read a single character from the user:

#include <ncurses.h>

int main()
{
    initscr();  // initialize ncurses
    cbreak();   // don't wait for the Enter key to be pressed
    noecho();   // don't print the character on the screen
    keypad(stdscr, TRUE);   // enable function keys

    printw("Press any key to continue...");
    refresh();  // redraw the screen
    getch();    // wait for a keypress

    endwin();   // restore terminal settings
    return 0;
}

In this example, `initscr()` initializes ncurses, `cbreak()` puts the terminal into cbreak mode (which means input is immediately available to the program without waiting for the Enter key to be pressed), `noecho()` disables the automatic printing of input characters to the screen, and `keypad()` enables function keys.

The `printw()` function prints a message to the screen, and `refresh()` redraws the screen. Finally, `getch()` waits for a keypress, and `endwin()` restores the terminal settings before exiting the program.

Note: The return value of `getch()` is an integer, but most keys on the keyboard have an ASCII code that corresponds to their value. For example, the ASCII code for the 'A' key is 65. You can use `getch()` to read the ASCII code of a key by casting the result to a `char`. For example:

char ch = (char)getch();

Linux ncurses getch() 检测F1键退出

以下是一个使用ncurses库的C++示例代码，用于检测用户是否按下F1键并退出程序：

#include <ncurses.h>

int main() {
    initscr();  // 初始化屏幕
    cbreak();   // 禁用缓冲
    noecho();   // 禁用回显
    keypad(stdscr, TRUE);  // 启用功能键

    int ch;
    while ((ch = getch()) != KEY_F(1)) {  // 持续读取输入
        // 处理其他输入
    }

    endwin();   // 关闭屏幕
    return 0;
}

在此示例中，`getch()`函数用于读取用户输入。如果用户按下F1键，则`KEY_F(1)`宏将返回真值，程序将退出。如果需要检测其他按键，可以使用ncurses库中的其他宏。